《鲁滨逊漂流记》中殖民文化对殖民地文化影响解读 [7]
论文作者:佚名论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-04编辑:黄丽樱点击率:16325
论文字数:7666论文编号:org200904040817197584语种:中文 Chinese地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:Robinson Crusoecolonialismcolonial discoursescultural colonization《鲁滨逊漂流记》殖民主义殖民话语文化殖民
eir life. They did much better work at taking off the skin of the leopard only with the sharpened piece of wood. However, in the whites’ eyes, they were stereotypically contented fool, offensive, ugly, suppositious, lazy, weird and pessimistic. They were still unavoidable to depict as ugly people with quite black and stark naked, “The women were as stark naked as the men”. (Defoe, 24) They looked strong, while in front of the beasts, they were extremely frightened and were vulnerable to the attack of wild animals. They had no arms except a long slender stick that they would throw them a great distance with good aim, though it couldn’t resist the attack of the wild beasts. When they saw Robinson’s advanced arms—gun and powder that he used to kill the leopard as a reward for their food, they were so astonished that “some of them were even ready to die for fear, and fell down as dead with terror”. (Defoe, 23) Besides, the foolish local people worshiped the gun and gun-taker; and they thought he were the God from the heaven. Here Defoe portrayed their foolishness pretty well and indicated that only the noise and the fire of the colonist’s gun could conquer one nation to another. Naturally, such foolish people needed to be civilized by the kind and just whites.
3. The Cruel Cannibals—the American Indians
Another opposition of the civilization was the cruel cannibals. Friday lived in a savage tribe with the nature of eating man’s flesh. Such behavior is unacceptable in a civilized society, since it was the most inhuman and evil behavior in the world. Thus those westerners took the chance to construct “the other’s” images and found a good justification for their construction. In colonial literature, it always narrated that God abandoned those cannibals. Robinson Crusoe was the same, and as followed,
“Who, as to me, were innocent and whose barbarous customs were their own disaster, being them a token indeed of God’s having left them, with the other nations of that part of that world, to such stupidity and inhuman courses…But that unless something offered that was more a call to me than yet I knew of, I would not meddle with them.”(Defoe, 187)
They were impressed us that they were Idolaters and Barbarians, and had several bloody and Barbarous Rites in their Customs, such as sacrificing human bodies to their idols. When they held a man-eating feast, they danced ugly around the fire.
However, the fact about “cannibals” needed to be proved. The story of “cannibal” firstly appeared in Columbus’s journals and letters and it turned out to be created by him. According to the survey, he never met any cannibals. (Arnold, 3) Columbus was good at word invention, just the same as the invention of America Indians. (Motohashi, 81-89) While the first reference of the tribe of cannibals was in Shakespeare’s last drama the Storm and the most impressed character was a savage called “Caliban”.(张德明, 2007:113) Some scholars thought that the originality of cannibal was mostly associated with him. (彼得.休姆, 2004:158)
Although in the novel, we could find the narration that the westerners particular the Spaniards was notorious of killing those natives barbarously, though it was just used a few words to refer the fact: “by all which I understood he meant the Spaniards, whose cruelties in Americans had been spread over the whole countries and was remembered by all the nations from father to son.”(Defoe, 173) However, in documentary there was evident that the barbar
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