al information in an unbiased way. Audio- tape will be transcribed later. Information to answer research questions will be covered in focus group sessions. Narratives will be used to support participant’s response to particular questions.
Step 4. Each meeting will be summarized. Summaries will be analyzed and a written report done. The responses will be summarized under different themes.
Step 5. The two most outstanding recommendations made will be implemented at different intervals in all upcoming school base activities, (18 activities up to October), to see if parental involvement has improved.
Step 6. All data will be analyzed and the results documented accurately in order to judge the effectiveness of the action research project. Data includes attendance register, questionnaires and narratives from focus group. Analysis may range from gathering impressions from listening to the session and or tapes of the session along with reviewing
notes taken during the session. A careful analysis of a full set of transcripts from tape recordings will be documented. Intensive analysis of focus group data involves tape recording, transcribing and coding each session. Data will be represented on graphs.
Step 7. A report of the findings will be documented and presented to the Board of Management of the school, teachers and parents.
Step 8. If no improvement is recorded after innovation, then other recommendations will be implemented and evaluated until a solution is found.
Alignment of Materials with the plan of action
In order to accomplish the plan of action the following materials were needed: Questionnaires to be administered to parents, audio-tape to record focus group sessions. Note pads to take notes. Graphs will be used for representing data.
Validity of Instruments
In collecting the data using focus group, Wolcott’s Strategies for Ensuring the Validity of Action Research will be used. The researcher will talk little, listen a lot, record accurately, begin writing early, let reader’s see for themselves, report fully, be candid, seek feedback and write accurately (Mills, 2007, p. 95). Due to the educational level and ability of the parents that will be involved in this research, assurance will be made to ensure that the content-related evidence of validity are correct in order to get valid data from the questionnaire. Fraenkel et al. (2012) states that “validity depends on the amount and type of evidence there is to support the interpretations researchers intend to make concerning data they have collected” (p. 148).
Information will be collected from questionnaires and focus group discussions. In order to ensure that the information obtained through the use of the questionnaire is valid, appropriate and comprehensible content that is logically organized to get at the intended variable which is parental involvement will be used. The questions used will adequately cover the content to be assessed. The format will be appropriate as it moves from demographic details to yes/no responses which broadens into why responses to get a deeper and better understanding of participants views. Questions will also included short answers to get participants perception. Questionnaires will be designed to uncover parental participation, communication and attitude to school. The print will be clear, u
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