浅析美国早期移民文化 [2]
论文作者:佚名论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-09编辑:刘宝玲点击率:15023
论文字数:26000论文编号:org200904091643278486语种:中文 Chinese地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:移民移民文化美国文化Immigrantimmigration cultureAmerican culture
ld. The major European states (England, France, Spain, Portugal, and Holland) vied with one another for nearly four centuries to gain economic advantages in the overseas territories.
The 17th century witnessed the arrival of Germans, Bohemians, Irish, Poles, Scots, Jews, Dutch, French, Finns, Italians Swedes, Danes, Slaves, and other nationalities. Slave ships also brought blacks from the west coast of Africa to America
B. A Brief Introduction of Early American Immigration Cultures
These immigrants brought with them their native cultural, political, and social patterns and attitudes, varied academic and religious backgrounds, as well as their ethnic arts, sports, holidays, festivals, and foods, immigrants from all part of the world have greatly enriched American life. The United States is a "melting pot" in which the foreigners have sometimes remained culturally and linguistically what they were in their native lands even as they move toward becoming citizens of the United States,
and it is still a country whose people share a common cultural outlook and set of values which are included in the American immigration culture.
American culture were not a mere transportation from England or Europe .Large number of immigrants, not only from England, but also from Germany, Switzerland, France and many other countries, poured in. they all adopted the English language but their own culture did not disappear completely. These immigrants joined together and created American culture which was a blending of European cultures under new circumstances.
As we know most of the early immigrants were not really happy about what they had experienced in their home countries. They wanted to try some new ideas and carry out reforms, although they could not be completely independent of the old traditions. Hard conditions forced them to give up part of what had been desirable and traditions in the Old World. They had to adapt themselves to the new environment and became less formal but more pragmatic. They grew less conservative and more outspoken. Large tracts of virgin soil promoted the development of competition and cultivated a stronger sense for liberty and variety. The formation of a new nation by people of different national origins forced social life to show more elasticity. Compromise and tolerance became a necessity. Religion thus gradually became a private affair. American liberty and democracy could not be understood properly without talking into consideration the colonial time and the different back ground of the early immigrants.
Ⅱ. The Spirits and Values of American Immigration Cultures
n the process of formation of a new nation, these early immigrants shared common outlooks of the spirits and values of American immigration cultures. Gradually, emphasis on freedom, independence and cooperation, pursuits for democracy, individualism, etc. became the spirits and important values in the American immigration cultures.
A. Emphasis on Freedom, Independence and Cooperation
Most of the immigrants came to the America just look for freedom and independence because the religion persecution. After these early immigrants settled down in the northeast part of America, they found the environment there was very rough. It is difficult for one single man to live in this wild and hard environment, so cooperation is the only way to choose.
1. Freedom, Independence and Individualism
The early adventurers were for the most part intensely religious peo
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