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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:硕士毕业论文 thesis登出时间:2015-04-23编辑:felicia点击率:31145
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摘要:很多人不了解特许经营权,对特许经营权的作用和意义都很不了解。本文以麦当劳为例,为大家分析特许经营权的意义和价值。
Franchising has emerged in recent years as a business growth model, job creation economic development globally.(Hoffman &Prebble, 1991 in Hoffman &Prebble, 1995, p80).
International franchising is the foreign market entry mode that involves a relationship between the entrant the (franchisor) and a host country entity, in which the former transfers under contracts a business package (or format), which it has developed and owns, to the latter. The host country entity can either be a domestic franchisee, a master franchisor, a foreign franchisee and an entity that is partly owned by the franchisor himself. (Ngowi 2009, p.45)
There has been increase in global franchise business, and it has become a popular internationalization strategy adopted by entrepreneurs, mostly service firms. Usually, Franchisors grow by expanding the size of its franchise systems, and this expansion may take two forms namely through the establishment of additional company owned outlets or through the establishment of franchised outlets using the advantage of the local franchisee network. (Shane, 1996, p.74). On the other hand, entrepreneurs prefer to expand their business using franchising in geographically distant areas, and research has shown that franchisors prefer to grow by establishing geographically focused franchised systems, which may leads to geographic saturation, and then expanding to a new location. (Martin, 1988 in Shane 1996, p74).
Hacket(1976), and Aydin &Kacker(1990) in Shane (1996,p.75) and Duckett, (2008,p.58) argues that entrepreneurs will always choose to move international because of the expansion of their business overseas, desire to take advantage of foreign markets with great potential, reduction of costs, spreading of risks, growth saturation in domestic market and also to gain established brand name. Walker (1989) and Walker & Etzel (1973) in Shane (1996, p.75) on the other hand explained that international expansion occurs in response to inquiries of potential franchisees.
Global Expansion Problem
Global business environment possess much uncertainties than the domestic ones, and these uncertainties also affects franchising been international business strategy.
Morgan and Katsikeas (2007p, 76), identifies some barriers which normally discourage entrepreneurs from involving in international business including: insufficient pool of resource which create strategic obstacles, firm's cost base and margins which lead to operational obstacles, lack of fit between firm's strategy and its environment may result in limited knowledge of market opportunities creating information obstacles, and a firm may be unable to maintain necessary interactions with key parties because of limited resource leading to process-based obstacles.
Another major factor that affects international business expansion is the factor of the 'country risks', which needs to be considered by a prospective entrepreneur before transacting an international business. Country risk involves those political, legal, economic and social conditions within country that cause an investment to be seriously impaired. Miller(1992) in Shane(1996 p76), states 'the political, governmen本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。