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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:硕士毕业论文 thesis登出时间:2014-05-31编辑:lgg点击率:4216
论文字数:36200论文编号:org201405311142451836语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:$ 66
摘要:While teaching the college English, the author finds that many students spend a lot oftime in learning vocabulary by heart,such as CET-4, CET-6, GRE,but they are not able toimmediately retrieve corresponding vocabulary from the brain when language output isneeded, or usage of words and expressions is not appropriate and not keeping with habits ofnative speakers.
Chapter Two Literature Review
2.1 Definition of Chunks
The concept, "chunks" was proposed by Becker(1975) and Bolinger(1975) for the firsttime in the middle 1970s. It refers to a special multi-words phenomenon, between thetraditional grammar and vocabulary, typically made of two or more than two words, and is afixed or half-fixed structure. Becker(1975) assumed that some particular phrases,like “letalone", “as well as,,,“so much for" and so on,should be paid attention, because we can searchprefabricated chunks from our memory, adjust them slightly and generate grammatical and fluent language while expressing our ideas. BoIinger(1975) pointed out that the system ofrules is able to help people to express new ideas and generate remarks that never exist,butpeople emphasize rules of language excessively. As a matter of fact, language interaction isgrounded on vocabulary elements with different length. Language user take the initiative touse a large amount of chunks stored in memory system, and most interaction refers topredictable and normal things. Therefore, the language people use is repeated again and againand does not own originality. For instance, we can say "somewhere else” and "somebodyelse", but we can not originate "sometime else".
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2.2 Classification of Chunks
Due to various definitions, chunks have different classifications. The author is going toprincipally introduce the classification of Bckcer (1975), Nattinger & DeCarrico(1992) andLewis(1997). From the perspective of structure and function, Becker classified chunks into six types:1) Poly words, referring to the combination of fixed multi-words, such as “rich tradition”,” forIgood", “in the hope of ’,,“bland diet”; 2)Phrasal constraints referring to phrasal structuremade of fixed words,such as “last but not least”,“to make things better,’,“on the one hand”;3)Meta-messages is used to replace some discourse, like, “That is all...,,,“It doesn'tmatter ... ’’; 4)Sentence builders, i.e. sentence structure, like “It is said/estimated that...",“Chances are that..." , “There are many reasons why... ” 5)Situational utterances, referringto the short sentences with certain pragmatic function in the particular social context, like“ Can I help you?, “How’ s everything going?“,‘‘What,s the weather like today?”;6)Ver本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。