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em by the new machine.上例中“by”可解释为“near”or“by means of”即“在…旁边”和“通过…方法”。为了准确的表达意思,商务信函写作时应根据写信人的意思将上例改写成:(a)We assembled them near the new machine.或(b)We assembled them by means of the new ma-chine.

2.4普通词汇赋予商务内涵。在商务英语函电中存在大量的由普通词汇转变而来的带有特定商务内涵的词汇。⑧We strongly demand immediate full orpartial payment with a statement of when you willpay the balance.我们强烈要求你们马上全部付款或者部分付款,但要说明何时将余款付清。Their prices are always quoted in dollars.他们的价格总是以美元报价。句中单词的“balance”and“quote”在商务领域里具有特定的含义。常见的该类词还有:firm offer(实盘);balance(差额);cover(投保,支付);claim(索赔);document(提单);draft(汇票)等。

2.5缩略语的运用。商务英语信函中存在大量以形式出现的固定而又惯常使用的词、词组或名词、术语等,使商务活动的实际操作更为便利快捷。如,We have covered the goods against the risk ofbreakage,TPND,leakage,rust,etc.句中TPND指theft,pilferage and non delivery(盗窃及不能提货险)。商务英语函电中常用的缩略语还有如下一些:CIF:Cost Insurance and Freight运费,保险费在内价即到岸价;FOB:free from particular average平安险;S.S:steamship轮船;P.S.:post script附言;S/D:sight draft见票后即付汇票;D/D:demand draft即期汇票;D/A:documents against acceptance承兑交单。

3句法特征

3.1句子表达固定、大量使用套语。为了表达具体的业务内容,商务英语函电在长期的实践中已经形成了各种固定的程式化的套语。这是商务函电英语句法有别于其他语体的一个显著的特点。这样的套语常见于信函的开始与结尾处。例如:Thank you for your letter of..We have received your letter of..with plea-sure.Enclosed please find..,We should be obliged if you would send uscatalogue and price list of…We are looking forward to your early reply如请求对方做某事“请……将不胜感激”常用套语有we would appreciate..,it would be appreci-ated..,we would be glad to..等。

3.2句子结构严谨。商务英语信函作为一种正式体的书面英语,正文中常使用层次复杂的从句和长句,其语义层次分明,形成完整准确、简洁明白、内容严谨的句式。这样的句子表达层次复杂的逻辑关系,不易令人产生歧义和误解;同时传递较多的信息,促进了国际商务活动的时效。例如,“We have in-vestigated the situation and found that your speci-fications are exactly the same as the design of aproprietary camera battery manufactured by a largeJapanese electronics company.”该句为两个单句结合的并列句,在后一个分句中包含一个宾语从句和比较状语从句,其中过去分词“manufactured”作定语修饰“battery”。

3.3其他特征。首先,常用委婉句式来表达投诉,不满或拒绝,比如“we're afraid……”,“We regret…..”“,I'd like to say……”,“As you may be aware…”等。其次,在商务英语信函中大量使用条件句,疑问句,虚拟语气和带“please”的祈使句,这样的句子常用来表达礼貌的请求等。We would be grateful if you would help uswith your suggestion.Could you quote us CIF5%New York?We wish you would let US have your replysoon.再次,使用被动语态避免指责动作的执行者,从而比主动语态显得更礼貌。试比较下面句本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。