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Definition

Determination of attitudes and policies on the basis of racial characteristics, often due to racialism. Racism manifests in hatred and fear of people of different ethnicity, and in overt or covert attempts to keep them in subordinate (less important and less powerful) positions. Whereas individual racism is expressed usually in open antagonism and prejudice, institutional racism involves subtle structuring of organizations and systems in a tacit understanding to keep 'them' down or out.

Ageism refers to the stereotyping of and discrimination against individuals or groups because of their age

* EQUALITY: the quality of being the same in quantity or measure or value or status

* a state of being essentially equal or equivalent; equally balanced; 'on a par with the best'

Types of discrimination

Direct discrimination

Direct discrimination happens when an employer treats an employee less favourably than someone elsebecause of one of the above reasons. For example,it would be direct discrimination if a driving job was only open to male applicants.

There are limited circumstances in which an employer might be able to make a case for a genuine occupational requirement for the job. For example, a Roman Catholic school may be able to restrict applications for a scripture teacher to baptised Catholics only.

Indirect discrimination

Indirect discrimination is when a working condition or rule disadvantages one group of people more than another. For example, saying that applicants for a job must be clean shaven puts members of some religious groups at a disadvantage.

Indirect discrimination is unlawful, whether or not it is done on purpose. It is only allowed if it is necessary for the way the business works, and there is no other way of achieving it. For example, the condition that applicants must be clean shaven might be justified if the job involved handling food and it could be shown that having a beard or moustache was a genuine hygiene risk.

Harassment

You have the right not to be harassed or made fun of at work in a work-related setting (eg a social event). Harassment means offensive or intimidating behaviour - sexist language or racial abuse, which aims to humiliate, undermine or injure its target.For example, allowing displays or distribution of sexually explicit material or giving someone a potentially offensive nickname.

Victimisation

Victimisation means treating somebody less favourably than others because they tried to make, or made, a complaint about discrimination. For example, it could be preventing you from going on training courses, taking unfair disciplinary action against you, or excluding you from company social events.

Being treated unfairly for other reasons

If you are treated unfairly but it is not for one of the reasons listed above, it may be that you are being bullied. Bullying should never be acceptable in the workplace, find out what you might be able to do about it.

What is racial discrimination?
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