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2.2 While-translation

While-translation is the second stage, a critical stage of the whole translation task. In thisstage, the author first analyzes the source text in terms of its linguistic features and determinesthe translation principles to be followed based on those features. Then the focus is put on themain translation difficulties in the translation task. In order to deal with different difficulties,specific translation strategies and methods are applied, with relevance translation theory asthe theoretical guidance.

2.2.1 Analyzing the source text

The selected text is a social science text. In order to better figure out the focus and thedifficulties of the translation task, the author first analyzes the linguistic features of socialscience texts and the source text, which can give a direction to the author in determining thetranslation principles and strategies.

2.2.1.1 Linguistic features of social science texts

To have a better insight into the linguistic features of the source text, it is necessary toknow the general linguistic characteristics of social science texts. Based on the existingresearch, the linguistic features of social science texts are summarized as follows. Firstly, thelanguage of the source text is compact and tight. In composing a social science text, thewriters usually express a full meaning with compact language and lengthy sentences in orderto expound their theories or viewpoints. (Liang, 1988) Secondly, the language is accurate andrigorous. According to Reiss’s (1971/2000) text typology theory, the informative texts mainlyrender the fact, information, knowledge, and opinion. Since social science texts aim to spreadtheories, viewpoints, and historical facts, terminology is frequently applied in the text. Thirdly,its language possesses the beautiful wording of literature. Liang (1988) points out that manysocial science texts, especially the writings of some great writers, are also literary works tosome extent, which can bring pleasure to readers. For instance, the citing of poems or theapplication of rhetorical devices adds to the vividness of the language of social science texts.

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Chapter Three Theoretical Basis—Relevance Translation Theory ...................18

3.1 Relevance theory and translation ...................18

3.2 Principle of relevance.....................19

3.2.1 Optimal relevance .............................19

Chapter Four A Case Analysis of Translation Difficulties.................24

4.1 Contextual effects at lexical level ......................24

4.1.1 Translation of terminology ...................24

4.1.1.1 Direct translation with annotation ......................25

4.1.1.2 Indirect translation......................27

Chapter Five Conclusion .............................60

5.1 Major findings ....................................60

5.2 Implications.....................61

Chapter Four A Case Analysis of Translation Difficulties

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