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s osseous replacement. During this period, treatment should be directed only to maintenance of wound hygiene, with employment of antiseptic, analgesic dressings within the alveolus of sufficient potency to keep the patient comfortable. Nature must do the repairing. Curettage is contraindicated and will not only delay physiological healing and repair but may also permit invasion of infection into and beyond the area of defense immediately behind the denuded alveolus.
Prevention, of coarse, is the best treatment to this end, atraumatic surgery, avoidance of contamination, and maintenance of a good level of general health is important.
When a dry socket does develop, treatment should be palliative. The socket is gently irrigated with warm normal saline solution to remove all debris. After the socket has been carefully dried, it is lightly dressed with l/4 - inch plain gauze saturated with an obtundent paste, such as equal parts of thymol iodide powder and benzocaine crystals dissolved in eugenol. The dressing may be changed as necessary until pain has subsided and granulation tissue has covered the walk of the socket.
VOCABULARY

1. exodontics 拔牙学
2. adage 谚语，格言
3. be apropos to 对……是恰当的
4. maxillary antrum 上颌窦
5. proximity to 邻近
6. extracting teeth 拔牙
7. alveolar process 牙槽突
8. tuberosity (上颌)结节
9. judicious removal 审慎地除去
10. mucosa 粘膜
11. antral perforation 上颌窦穿孔
12. rongeur or bone file 骨钳或骨挫
13. mucoperiosteal flap 骨粘膜瓣
14. mucobuccal fold 颊粘膜皱襞
15. undermine 潜掘
16. refrain from 制止
17. antibiotics 抗生素
18. vasoconstrictive 血管收缩的
19. buccinator muscle 颊肌
20. exolevers 牙挺
21. dislodge 逐出
22. hemostat 止血钳
23. infratemporal space 颞下间隙
24. inferior to (superior to) 在……下方(上方)
25. posteriorly ( anteriorly) 在后部(在前部)
26. supernumerary molar 多生的磨牙
27. pillar of the fauces 咽门柱
28. dissection and groping 剥离和摸索
29. stabilize 稳定
30. access to 开口，进路
31. retract 拉开，翻转
32. sever 切断
33. pack 填塞
34. excessive blood clot 过量的血块
35. sterile gauze sponge 无菌海绵纱布
36. gelfoam 明胶海绵
37. topical thrombin 局部凝血酶
38. oxidized cellulose 氧化纤维素
39. armamentarium 装备
40. curet 刮匙
41. purse - string suture 荷包缝合
42. granulation tissue 肉芽组织
43. dry socket (osteitis) 干槽症
44. perplexing 复杂的
45. sequela 继发症
46. meticulous debridement 小心的清创
47. impede 阻碍
48. osteosclerotic 骨硬化的
49. be predisposed to 易患……
50. necrotic odor 坏死气味
51. divest 剥光
52. denuded bone 裸露的骨
53. potent analgesics 有力的止痛药
54. narcotics 麻醉剂
55. pyogenic organisms 化脓性细菌
56. sequestrate 分离
57. molecularly 成分子状
58. abhor 憎恶
59. juvenile 年轻的
60. palliative 姑息疗法