sociology Literature Review作业范例 [9]
论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:文献综述 Literature Review登出时间:2015-06-25编辑:xiaoni2000点击率:10227
论文字数:4586论文编号:org201506250926445419语种:英语 English地区:英国价格:免费论文
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摘要:本文是一篇英国留学生literature review作业,主要对关于社会资源和慈善的关系研究的文献进行评述。
a relationship is demonstrated by the growing body of research applying this theory to online communication, and specifically SNSs (Papacharissi and Mendelson 2008; Lee and Ma 2012; Park, Kee and Valenzuela 2009). Such studies have so far argued that specific gratifications and uses of SNSs, such as socialising, entertainment, self-status seeking and information, may decide different social outcomes ( Nyland, Marvex and Beck 2007; Raacke and Bonds-Raacke, 2008; Park, Kee and Valenzuela 2009).
However these studies have delivered mixed outcomes. Two studies suggest a positive link between individuals driven to use SNSs to seek information and the subsequent social capital produced. The same studies found that those individuals using SNSs as a form of entertainment, whether that be as an escape from their problems, a way to relax, a form of enjoyment or to fill in time, did not generate social capital (Park, Kee and Valenzuela 2009; Nyland, Marvex and Beck 2007). In another study use of SNSs sites to fulfil social needs was found to strengthen social contacts, community engagement and attachment by connecting people to a community through a network (Kavanaugh et al 2005).However these ideas were contradicted by Papacharissi and Mendelson (2008), Shao (2009) and Leung (2010) who all suggested that, although social capital is very much alive in SNSs, individuals used these channels to increase the opportunities for personal benefit, suggesting that the social capital present more closely resembled that suggested by Bourdieu (1986) than Putman (2000), supporting the findings of the individual studies mentioned earlier.
As there are only a small number of such studies, and they focussed mainly on students, it is too early to draw any conclusions from this research that can be generalised. This still leaves questions around whether SNSs use is dominated by people's self interest and is therefore void of the what Putman (2000) calls the norms, values and networks users needed to get people working together for collective benefit. It also does not explain, because the previous studies were generally focussed on relationships individuals have with each other, whether such needs and motivations are common place across all different relationships, such as those charities have with their staleholders.
This need to better understand people's motives for using SNSs, especially as relationship tools for charities and their stakeholders, and the void in stakeholder focussed research mentioned earlier, provide a strong argument for further research in this area. Charities need to understand whether their stakeholders are also driven by self interest if they are to understand the social capital that exists within these channels and the affect this will have on efforts to cultivate it.本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。