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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:学术文章 Scholarship Essay登出时间:2015-02-28编辑:Cinderella点击率:13044
论文字数:5900论文编号:org201501301741483815语种:英语 English地区:英国价格:免费论文
关键词:non-traditional gender aestheticconsumption性别美学
摘要:本文研究了男性美学价值观与消费观发生改变的社会现象。对非传统性别美学价值观进行了深入研究。
In contrast to the results by Kimmel and Tissier-Desbordes, (2000), Ourahmoune and Nyeck (2008) or Rinallo (2007) that non-traditional gender consumption behaviors are stigmatized and that males, in particular heterosexual males, enact avoidance behaviors due to fears of social sanctions such as ridicule, our study rather supports the opposite. Informants are quite bold in their public display of non-traditional gender aesthetics and did not fear social sanctions or stigmatization. Several informants, heterosexual as well as homosexual, already experienced some forms of sanctions such as name calling or ridicule, but instead of avoiding carrying non-traditional gender aesthetic items, they vehemently defend their individual identity project.
B: “why are you running about with a bag like a fairy?”
A: Who said that?
B: These were close acquaintances.
A: And what did you think when you heard that?
B: Bite me! [laughs]
A: So would you abstain from using the bag?
B: No. No. No. No. When I need it, then I need it. I am not here to ... satisfy any aesthetic or social requirements of other people.
Not only did the informants not refrain from using non-traditional gender aesthetic objects when they experienced social sanctions but some also reported that they actively fight against such ridicule. Although the participants were sampled in urban areas of different population size (from 130.000 inhabitants to 1.3 million), larger urban areas are not different in that regard. Nevertheless, respondents reported that such social sanctions are quite rare.
Stigmatizations and social sanctions do occur, however our study did not support previous findings of avoidance behavior and fear of stigmatization. Also heterosexual’s fear of being judged as gay (Ourahmoune and Nyeck, 2008) was not supported, which gives rise to the assumption that non-traditional gender aesthetics consumption is rather a deliberate, bold statement of one’s uniqueness and individuality as a male consumer.
Constructing aesthetic individuality
Uniqueness and Otherness
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