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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:本科毕业论文 Thesis登出时间:2014-08-12编辑:felicia点击率:27963
论文字数:11857论文编号:org201408120838054271语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:抗抑郁药安全性有效性Antidepressantseffectivesafe
摘要:本文是一篇美国留学论文,文章主要研究抗抑郁药治疗效果以及产后抑郁症。抗抑郁药是一种安全的、有效的治疗产后抑郁症的药物吗?本文主要评估了有关抗抑郁药物的安全性和有效性,以证明其对产后抑郁症的恢复确实有效。通过一些数据和文献提供充分的证据以表明抗抑郁药对于治疗产后抑郁症有一定的效果。
Simpson and Noble (2000) reviewed the literature on the effects of thesis fluoxetine on depression in women, noting the paucity of literature in this area. Studies confirmed that fluoxetine is secreted into breast milk and that breast-fed infants ingest from 3% to 10.8% of their mothers fluoxetine intake. However, traces of the drug can accumulate in infants to a significant degree. Evidence from randomised controlled trials suggests that fluoxetine has no adverse surgical, medical or cosmetic effects on the foetus.
The rate of malformations is no greater for pregnancies exposed to fluoxetine compared with on-exposed pregnancies. Simpson and Noble (2000) also considered evidence from the manufacturer, who retained accumulated records of over 3000 fluoxetine-exposed pregnancies since the drug became available on the open market. Only a minority (3.5%) of pregnancies with verified exposure during the first trimester developed major abnormalities.
Only 0.2% developed minor problems, compared with 2.3% and 14% for controls. However, at least one study (prospective, cohort) found higher incidence of minor abnormalities in first-trimester fluoxetine-exposed pregnancies, compared to control pregnancies. Crucially, this group difference remained significant even after controlling for other psychotherapeutic drugs (benzodiazepine) also consumed by mothers taking fluoxetine.
Furthermore, the probability of premature birth, admission to special care nurseries, and poor neonatal development was higher during the third trimester compared with early-exposed (first or second trimester) or control pregnancies (see Figure 4). Furthermore, late-exposed infants had significantly lower birth weight and length compared with early exposed or control infants(see Figure 5).
Figure 4 Adverse effects of fluoxetine as a function of trimester of exposure (Simpson & Noble, 2000)
Figure 5 Effects of fluoxetine on weight as a function of trimester of exposure (Simpson & Noble, 2000)
Other research found no adverse effects for fluoxetine compared with CA-exposed or control pregnancies. Studies on breastfeeding were also considered. Simpson and Noble (2000) noted that fluoxetine is not recommended for breastfeeding mothers, albeit the drug may be useful in this arena. A mixture of case reports and retrospective studies painted confusing picture.
On the one hand fluoxetine has been found to produce no significant malformations in breast-fed infants. On the other hand there have been exceptions. One 3-week old infant appeared to develop vomiting and watery stools; another experienced ‘seizure-like’ fits, while a third became irritable. Fluoxetine has also been implicated in impaired growth rate for breast-fed infants. However, one study monitored the development of several breast-fed infants for over a year and found no abnormalities upon neurological assessment.
It was noted that the long half-life of fluoxetine means that traces of the drug ingested during the third trimester may persist in breast milk and本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。