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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:本科毕业论文 Thesis登出时间:2014-08-12编辑:felicia点击率:27964
论文字数:11857论文编号:org201408120838054271语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:抗抑郁药安全性有效性Antidepressantseffectivesafe
摘要:本文是一篇美国留学论文,文章主要研究抗抑郁药治疗效果以及产后抑郁症。抗抑郁药是一种安全的、有效的治疗产后抑郁症的药物吗?本文主要评估了有关抗抑郁药物的安全性和有效性,以证明其对产后抑郁症的恢复确实有效。通过一些数据和文献提供充分的证据以表明抗抑郁药对于治疗产后抑郁症有一定的效果。
Goldstein and Sun dell (1999) report another study which compared early exposed (prior to 25 weeks), late exposed (continuing after 24 weeks),and a non-teratogen control group. Again findings revealed no adverse effects in the treatment groups, albeit infants exposed to fluoxetine early showed a higher prevalence of minor anomalies that have little or no clinical importance. Furthermore late exposure to fluoxetine seemed to increase the rates of admission to special care nurseries and impaired fatal development.
However, these findings were inconclusive due to prior group differences on previous psychotropic drug use, and failure to control for depression levels. Still other research suggests no effect of SSRIs (sertraline) on the prevalence of stillbirth, prematurity, mean birth weight and gestational age. Evidence suggests no statistically significant differences between SSRI exposed and control groups on IQ, language development, height, and head circumference.
Of the prospective studies reviewed three assessed paroxetine, and fluoxetine, and two tested sertraline. All studies reported no significant increase in the rate of malformations and spontaneous abortion, although there was some evidence of lower birth weight given protracted use of antidepressants.
Goldstein and Sun dell (1999) found one study, which showed that fluoxetine exposure during the first trimester did not increase the risk of malformations. Rates of spontaneous abortion and prematurity were no greater than historical patterns. One study assessed the effects of third trimester exposure to depressants, and up till delivery, indicating that fluoxetine intake during the third trimester produces no significant adverse effects.
Goldstein and Sun dell (1999)emphasise the importance of acknowledging the limitations of case/cohort control studies, surveys, retrospective designs, and other uncontrolled correlational methods, compared with randomised clinical trials. It is important that findings from less rigorous designs are interpreted with caution. Overall, this review summarises outcomes from1000+ pregnancies exposed to fluoxetine, and 300 pregnancies exposed toothier SSRIs. All report little or no increased risk from using antidepressants.
Yoshida et al (1999) appraised existing case reports and studies on breastfeeding in relation to antidepressants, specifically TCAs and SSRIs. The review revealed that the preponderance of studies were single case studies - there was a lack of randomised controlled trials or prospective controlled studies. Comparison of findings across different studies has hampered by methodological differences or absence of essential information. Most of the literature focused on TCAs, but these studies in total only tested a limited (n=66) number of mother-infant pairs.
By contrast there was less evidence concerning the impact of SSRIs. Yoshida et al (1999) surmised that the benefits of taking TCAs probably outweigh the risks provided recommended TCAs are being taking, and at the right dosage. Furthermore, the infant must be healthy. It is suggested that an accumulation of case control studies will ultimately provide a platform for launching clinical trials designed to i本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。