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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:本科毕业论文 Thesis登出时间:2014-08-04编辑:felicia点击率:12851
论文字数:5763论文编号:org201408031016133248语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:美国信息技术协会信息技术Information Technologysoftware applicationsGlobalisation
摘要:本文是一篇信息技术留学论文。随着社会的发展和经济的进步,信息技术的应用越来越广泛,在过去的三十年里,信息技术已经成为增长最快的行业。今天,信息技术不仅支持因特网和电脑,而且已经发展到几乎每一个行业,从电脑到手机,从银行到汽车,从教育系统的业务流程到信息技术参与系统性能的改善方面,都有信息技术的应用。本文主要着眼于美国信息技术的发展。
前言
美国信息技术协会(IITA)对信息技术的定义如下:“研究、设计、开发、实施、支持以计算机为基础的信息管理系统,特别是应用软件和计算机硬件”。在过去的三十年里,信息技术已经成为增长最快的行业。在20世纪80年代,信息技术产业的增长率为5.6%,超过1.6万亿美元(Nasscom),这是数百万个行业中为数不多的利润如此之高的一个行业。今天几乎所有的电子设备都有一个芯片编程,促使设备高效运行。今天,信息技术不仅支持因特网和电脑,而且已经发展到几乎每一个行业,从电脑到手机,从银行到汽车,从教育系统的业务流程到信息技术参与系统性能的改善方面,都有信息技术的应用。
信息技术在改善企业性能过程中发挥了重要作用。在全球化的发展过程中,相应地对信息技术做出了更高的需求。但这并不是软件产品和服务高需求的唯一原因,所有行业所有部门都需要强大的技术进步。希克斯和尼科尔森(2004)
Introduction:
Information Technology has been defined as “the study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems, particularly software applications and computer hardware” by the Information Technology Association of America (IITA). Information Technology has been one of the fastest growing industries in the last three decades. With a growth rate of 5.6%, information technology sector is now more than a $1.6 trillion (Nasscom) industry from what was merely an industry of few millions in 1980s. Today almost all electronic devices have a chip programmed to run the device efficiently. Information technology does not just support the internet and computers; it has grown to almost every sector today, from computers to mobile phones, from banking to automobiles, from education systems to Business process, information technology is involved in improving the system performance everywhere.
Information technology played an important role in improving process and performance of businesses. Globalisation had an important role in kicking off the demand for information technology. But this was not the only reason for high demand of software products and services, strong technological advances were being pursued in all sectors. Heeks and Nicholson (2004) identified
According to them the developed economies had significant growth in the sector since the 1970 after which the world saw rise of three countries, Israel, Ireland and India, who were then called the ‘first followers' in the industry and later came to be known as world leaders (Heeks and Nicholson, 2004).
Outsourcing has been an important mode of business in information technology industry and most developed countries today outsource, from low level work to business process, to developing countries where the cost of labour is low. Internet and the fast growing communication network made outsourcing quite easy. In the new information economy, the shift of main inputs from land labour and capital to knowledge and information has presented both opportunities and challenges to developing countries (Kambhampati, 2002). India gained the first mover advantage by utilizing this opportunity earlier in 1970s and is now a world leader in IT services. However, there were also certain challenges involved with these opportunities. There were certain initial requirements in IT like high-speed datacom links through which firms communicate with their clients, and the basic infrastructure in buildings and telephone lines. The software industry being a service industry is both labour- and skill-intensive. Though the skills in this industry are relatively easy to acquire in some areas, such as data-entry, the initial requirements of a reasonably well-educated labour force remain (Kambhampati, 2002). 本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。