《老人与海》的悲剧色彩:对完美主义的质疑 [4]
论文作者:佚名论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-04编辑:黄丽樱点击率:13788
论文字数:6008论文编号:org200904040947067830语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:tragic colorperfectionperfectionismHemingwaySantiago悲剧色彩完美完美主义海明威圣地亚哥
with the good person’s unfortunate fate.” Aristotle, who is one of the greatest teachers in ancient educational
history, has ever defined tragedy thus: “tragedy, then, is and imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude.”(王佐良,2004,29) Chinese famous literary writer Lu Xun defined the word “tragedy” that: tragedy destroys the most valuable things in people’s life in front of human beings. Generally speaking, tragedy only refers to good persons’ unfortunate fate. In the eyes of this thesis’ author, according to this Hemingway’s novel—The Old Man and the sea, which is a typically works that comply with Chinese tragic recognition---destroy the old man’s efforts in front of people. That is the cruelty of tragedy. In this medium-length novel, tragedy represented in many respects, such as the old man tortured by loneliness, sickness and so on, even the titanic fish has its tragedy.
B. Tragic Color Represented in the Novel
Tragic color in this novel is mainly represented in two quarters, the first respect is the titanic fish’s inborn tragedy; the second part is the old man’s tragedy.
1. Titanic Fish’s Tragedy
The first tragedy is existed in the giant marlin’s tragedy. Fish is born to be defeated, it’s an immutable fact.
It was defeated by the old man, and then it was destroyed completely by four fierce sharks’ continually attack. A fish is born to be defeated, its fate is bound to be defeated and shared by human beings or other stronger animals. That’s a fish’s tragedy. It’s an inborn loser.
2. The Old Man’s Tragedy
The titanic fish’s tragedy is one of tragedies in the novel, but the old man’s tragedy is the main tragedy in it.
From the very beginning of this novel, Hemingway depicted the sad tone that a poor and lonely man with shabby boat, deep sea as background is also symbolizes a kind of sad tone, these sad tones last at the end of this novel.
The old man’s wife has been dead for many years, without leaving any descendants, he misses his wife very much, in order to not miss his wife, he puts off all of his wife’s color photos, because he feels so lonely once he sees those photos.
The old man’s tragedy is also represented in no one care about him except his good friend, a little boy named Mandolin. However, the little boy could not always stay with him and take care of him. During the days the old man sails into deep sea with his outsized dream, no one company with the old man, he feels so lonely. He misses his beloved wife and his good friend---the little boy, he wants the little boy to help him and speak to him, but he can only speak to himself, the giant marlin, little tired bird and the deep blue sea. During those days, with little food and sleep, he endures much pain and fights against his treacherous hand cramp, no one helps him, the old man says to himself again and again: “that’s great if the little boy is here”.
The result of his sailing is also one of tragedies in the novel. After he has caught the giant marlin, and returns to shore, he only takes a big fish skeleton, people respect his capability but he dissatisfies with the result and he still feels frustrated. He expresses his loneliness to the little boy. There are no more words for him, the fatigue and his tortured heart made him feels so tired, he sleeps deeply in his shabby boat. He dreams of a group of lions which symbolizes success, but this sailing is not thought as a successful one by himself.
All of old man’s tragedies co
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