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y and ambivalent words......... 19-22
        3.3.1 Metonymic mechanism .........20-21
        3.3.2 Image schemas of metonymy......... 21-22
    3.4 Metaphorical and metonymic mechanism ......... 22-24
Chapter Four Classification of Ambivalent Words......... 24-33
    4.1 Classification of antonymy .........24-25
    4.2 Classification of ambivalent words......... 25-30
        4.2.1 Relation of beginning and end .........27-28
        4.2.2 Relation of cause and effect......... 28
        4.2.3 Relation of agent and patient......... 28
        4.2.4 Relation of commendatory and derogatory.........28-29
        4.2.5 Ambivalent words with complementary meaning......... 29
        4.2.6 Ambivalent words with opposite meaning .........29-30
    4.3 Summary of the classification .........30-33
Chapter Five Metaphorical and Metonymic Characteristics.........33-43
    5.1 Metaphorical characteristics in ambivalent words 33-37
        5.1.1 Structural metaphors in ambivalent words 33-35
        5.1.2 Orientational metaphors.........35-37
        5.1.3 Ontological metaphors......... 37
5.2 Metonymic characteristics......... 37-43

Conclusion

Ambivalent words are a kind of social linguistic phenomenon. This thesis discussthe ambivalent words in English, we collect the data from Advanced Learner'sEnglish-Chinese Dictionary (6^'^ Edition，The Commercial Press Oxford UniversityPress) and build a small corpus. There are totally 137 ambivalent words in thedictionary. According to the classification of antonyms and the category ofambivalent words by Wan Yan, we reclassify the ambivalent words into six types,they are: relation of beginning and end，relation of cause and effect, relation of agentand patient，relation of commendatory and derogatory, ambivalent words withcomplementary meaning and ambivalent words with opposite meaning.Based on the analysis of ambivalent words, we can find that the ambivalentwords are a common phenomenon and the causes of formation have common rules.The working theory is of the theory of cognitive linguistics and the metaphoricalmechanism and metonymic mechanism are the main cognitive factors. In other words,the opposite meanings in the ambivalent words have connection more or less.Metaphor is ubiquitous in our language and thoughts. In fact, our concept system isbased on metaphor. Richards even points out that if there is no metaphor, we wouldnot be able to speak three sentences fluently. Metaphor can help us to use the knownthing to explain the unknown thing, or help us to understand the known thing moreclearly.
The ambivalent words have more to do with people's cognition. The targetconcepts of ambivalent words can direct to two opposite directions. There havecommon ground between the two opposite directions. Under the effect ofmetaphorical mechanism and metonymic mechanism,本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。