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四六级考试改革后,大家更加重视听力了。听力比例由原来的20%提升到了35%,与阅读理解所占比例一样,代写英语论文这突出了听力的重要性。在历年的大学英语四级考试中,学生的听力得分并不理想,有很多学生花大量的时间来进行听力训练,结果却收效甚微。其实听力测试不但要求学生具有扎实的语言功底,拥有良好的听力习惯和技能,而且要求学生了解相关的背景知识(如英美的历史文化、风俗习惯等)。本文立足于大学英语四级考试,围绕如何提高听力能力获得高分,从五个方面进行阐述,希望对考生有一些帮助。

关键词：重视听力习惯和技能

第一步:熟悉题型,知己知彼。

听力部分的四大题型我们早已熟知,但是知道这还远远不够,我们更要熟知常见问题的类型,所谓“知己知彼,百战不殆”,只有了解了出题者的意图,对出题者可能提出的问题或考点非常清楚,并且充分发挥自己在某种题上的优势,才能做到胸有成竹,积极主动。在短对话中,常见的题型可分为以下五类(以历年真题为例):

1.地点类

常见问题有:“Where does the conversation most probablytake place?”(2008年6月和2007年12月都出现了)

2.建议提供类

常见问题有:“Howdoes the woman suggest the man preparefor Professor Young’s exam?”(2008年6月)“What’s the man’ssuggestion tothe woman?”(2007年12月)

3.否定、转折类

在否定类型中,我们要特别注意表否定的单词或短语(如no,not,hardly,never,the last thing,etc.)。在表转折的类型中,我们就要重点抓住“but”后面的内容。如:1.W:Are you still teachingat the junior high school?M:Not since June.My brother and I opened a restaurant assoon as he got out ofthe army.Q:What do we learn about the man from the conversation?(2007年6月)2.W:Have you seen the movie the departed?The plot was socomplicated that I reallygot lost.M:Yeah,I felt the same,but after I saw it a second time,Icould put all the pieces together.Q:Howdid the twospeakers find the movie?(2008年6月)

4.理解转述类

这类题需要理解对话中的相关词汇短语,并能在选项中找到相近的意思转述。如,W:I ran into Sally the other day.I could hardly recognizeher.Doyou remember her fromhigh school?M:Yeah,she was a little out of shape(与选项C中的over-weight意思相近)back then.Well,has she lost a lot ofweight?Q:What does the man remember ofSally?(2007年12月)

5.暗示推理类

常见问题有:“What can we infer from the conversation?”(2008年6月)“What dowe learn fromthe conversation?”(2007年12月)“What does the woman imply?”(2006年12月)长对话和短文听力的提问方式最常见的有四种类型:细节题、主旨题、判断题和推理题。其中细节题题型是出现最多的一类,所考查的细节包括具体时间、地点、主要人物或事件、各种数字等。常见问题如:“Where does the conversation mostprobably take place?”(2007年12月)“Howlong did Herbert re-main unconscious?”(2007年6月)主旨题常见的提问方式有:“What is the passage mainlyabout?”“What is the speaker talkingabout?”判断题常见的提问方式有:“Which of the following istrue/not true,according to the passage?”“Which of the followingis not mentioned?”推理题常见的提问方式有:“What can be in-ferred fromthe passage?”“What does the speaker think about theproblem...?”“Howdoes the speaker feel about...?”

第二步:抓高频词,巧妙推理。

其实做听力题更像是在进行侦探一样,之所以有很多学生听力效率低,主要是他们没有想到利用选项信息,更不用说从里面找出高频词汇,对所讲内容进行推理了。听力并不只是单纯的听,它是一项综合性的运动,需要你手眼耳脑并用。通常情况下,我们要快速地浏览选项,找出3-4个高频词并顺手画上记号,然后根据这几个词汇推理出接下来的对话或短文可能会讲哪方面的内容,有时仅仅推测出一个大致的方向对我们的听力都是很有帮助的。如2007年12月真题上的Pas-sage One。

1.[A]Theycare a lot about children.

[B]Theyneed lookingafter in their old age.

[C]Theywant toenrich their life experience.

[D]Theywant children tokeep their company.

2.[A]Theyare usuallyadopted fromdistant places.

[B]Their birth information is usuallykept secret.

[C]Their birth parents often try to conceal their birth infor-mation.

[D]Their adoptive parents don’t want them to know theirbirth parents...

3.[A]They generally hold bad feelings towards their birthparents.

[B]They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptiveparents.

[C]They have mixed feelings about finding their natural par-ents.

[D]They are fully aware of the expenses involved in thesearch.