Stylistic Features of Public Speech [8]
论文作者:佚名论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-20编辑:黄丽樱点击率:24872
论文字数:5373论文编号:org200904202216069073语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:public speechstylistic featureformal styleinformal styleliterary style演讲语体特征口语体书面语体文学语体
5BC in Greece, people thought a person’s intelligence should show in his ability to make a speech. The famous philosopher Socrates, Plato and Aristotle paid great attention on “the art of public speech” when they studied rhetoric. They regarded figures of speech as the art of the speech. For such reasons, English speech has the character of literary style.
Speech has the characteristics of literary style, which is the specialty of stylistic features in public speech. Speech, especially political speech, has a strong sense of agitation. In order to make their language have a strong sense of persuasion, speakers usually use repetition, parallelism, exaggeration, simile, pun, synecdoche, irony and so on to convey their ideas and emotions to their listeners for the purpose of propagation, agitation and education.
In this material, we know Churchill’s resolution against Lazi from the sentence: “ I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. ” He used synecdoche in this sentence.
The famous politician and speak Patrick Henry also used lots of figures of speech when he made a speech on March 28th, 1775, of which he called people to strive for the independence of nation.
They tell us, sir, that we are weak; unable to cope with so formidable an adversary. But when shall we be stronger? Will it be the next week, or the next year? Will it be when we are totally disarmed, and when a British guard shall be stationed in every house? Shall we garter strength by irresolution and inaction? Shall we acquire the means of effectual resistance, by lying supinely on our backs, and hugging the delusive phantom of hope, until our enemies shall have bound us hand and foot?
He used rhetorical questions and parallelism together to enhance his modality and emotion.
The former American President Abraham Lincoln used antithesis parallelism and climax together in “The Gettysburg Address”.
In order to reach simplicity and enhance the streng th of language, Lincoln used antithesis to juxtapose three simple sentences together. He used no conjunction and only by comma to separate them. The three simple sentence all repeat “we cannot” to impress the listeners.
“But in a large sense we cannot delicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground.”
And another two sentences used parallelism and climax together. It shows the beauty in form.
“It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work”.
“It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us”.
Speakers often use logic and symbols internally. They also use the descriptions and figures besides the means of scientific proves.
For example, a famous American speaker named Robert Green Ingersoll wrote a speech “A Vision of War and a Vision of the Future”, which filled with image description and used hyperbole, metaphor, metonymy and so on.
These heroes are dead. They died for liberty – they died for us. They are at rest. They sleep in the land they made free, under the flag they rendered stainless, under the solemn pines, the sad hemlocks, the tearful willows, and the embracing vines. They sleep beneath the shadows of clouds, careless alike of sunshine or of storm, each in the windowless Palace of Rest. Earth may run red with other wars – they are at peace.
Take another example. Frederick Douglass, who strives for the independence of slaves all his live, made a speech on July 14th, 1854. He used pun, irony and so on, which often ap
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