WASHBACK OF CET-4 LISTENING TEST ON NON-ENGLISH MAJORS
论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:硕士毕业论文 thesis登出时间:2017-02-19编辑:lgg点击率:12650
论文字数:37274论文编号:org201702191730114768语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:$ 66
关键词:英语四六级论文反拨效应学习态度学习过程学习结果
摘要:本文是英语四六级论文,本研究以 Hughes (1989)的 PPP 模型和 Alderson & Wall (1993) 的反拨效应假设为理论指导,旨在调查大学英语四级听力考试对非英语专业学生英语学习的影响。
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Research Background
The development and deployment of language testing is to better serve for teaching and
Education system. As a means of assessment, it plays key roles in people’s life, functioning as a gateway for students’ enrollment, for migration and for employment. Washback, defined as “the effect of testing on teaching and learning” (Hughes, 1989), has gained great popularity among the researchers. Since the 1990s, washback has gradually become an independent branch of testing. Research has been conducted and the researchers attempt to explore the existence, the working mechanism, the length and the direction of washback (Alderson & Wall, 1993; Bailey, 1996; Hughes, 1989; Messick, 1989). Besides, research related to the relationship between the tests’ stakes and the expected washback is also conducted, and it is concluded that neither a very low-stakes test nor a very high-stakes test help to realize the expected washback effect. College English Test (CET), administrated by the National College English Testing Committee (NCET) under the leadership of the Higher Education Department, the Ministry of Education (Jin & Yang, 2006), is a nationwide standardized test, which consists of CET Band Four (CET-4) and CET Band Six (CET-6), and both of them contain the corresponding spoken tests (CET-SET). For CET-4, all the non-English majors must take the exam, because for many colleges, it is closely related to students’ BA degree and many employers also regard CET certificate as one of the standards to select the graduates; while for CET-6, only those whose CET-4 score reach 425 or above have access to CET-6 and it is optional. For CET-SET, it is also optional and only those whose CET-4 scores are 550 or above or whose CET-6 scores are 520 or above can take it. Due to its large population and great popularity in the society, CET-4 is a large-scale and high-stakes test, whose application and reform arouse great concern among college students, college English teachers, researchers, test developers and even the test materials editors. In 2006, under the guidance of the National Curriculum Requirements for College English, CET-4 had its reform, in which the listening sub-tests have changed dramatically.
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1.2 Significance and Objectives of the Study
Reliability and validity are two indispensible factors for checking whether a test is scientific, and Jin a
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