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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:硕士毕业论文 thesis登出时间:2015-05-14编辑:felicia点击率:28580
论文字数:10112论文编号:org201505081858411342语种:英语 English地区:美国价格:免费论文
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摘要:这是一篇优秀的美国留学论文,通过浅析企业家精神为大家阐述了企业家精神的重要性和对企业发展的重要意义,希望大家能够从这篇文章得到启迪。
McLelland & Winter (1971) concluded that a strong need for achievement is a distinguishing trait of entrepreneurs. Yet as Virtanen (1997) summarize
In analyzing entrepreneurial behavior we should pay more attention to expectations, motives and incentives. “The forces in the brain region” (needs) foster expectations, motives and incentives to take some action. What kind of motives and incentives are required to enforce entrepreneurial activity? Why would someone start a new venture? The reasons, as well as the businesses, may differ from case to case.
Why do People act entrepreneurially? The Motivation for entrepreneurship comes from diverse sources but at the individualistic level Vroom's (1964) expectancy model takes into account the desirability and the feasibility of becoming an entrepreneur. Recent studies of OECD-Member nations shows that dissatisfied people draw satisfaction from the very acting of creating own business (Noorderhaven et al., 2003; Hofstede et al., 2004).
Results of studies focusing on trait theories show a large variation of characteristics that are held responsible for entrepreneurialism e.g. need for achievement and strong urge to build (David McClelland ,1961), toughness, pragmatism unwilling to submit to authority (Collins and Moore, 1970), mercurial, cunning, opportunistic, creative, and unsentimental behaviour (Bird, 1992), overconfidence (Busenitz and Barney 1997). Trait theories project the image of entrepreneur as some one who is (or assumes to be) in control historically because of higher need for achievement and high self-efficacy. This high level of self control has roots in Descartes philosophy of self, which argues:
While the external world, including the thinker's body, is subject to the laws of physics and other external contingencies, the mind is not. I, being pure mind, enjoy a supreme degree of independence from my body and everything physical. …..The radical separation of mind and body--and of the mental and the physical in general--is known as 'Cartesian Dualism”.(frostbu本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。