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2.1 Literature Review and Theoretical Background
America applied linguists Fries and Lado started to study systemic errors and produced theearly theoretical framework on errors~contrastive analysis in the 1950s. Lado mentioned in"Linguistics Across Cultures" (1957, that individual tend to transfer the forms, meanings, anddistribution of their native language and culture to the foreign language and culture. Hisassumption is the basic sprit of contrastive analysis and influence the English teaching of thewhole world. Contrastive analysis' task is to find different structures and functions by two or morelanguage common contrastive. It is divided into Theoretical CA and Applied CA from researchpurpose.(Fisiak, 1978). CA based on describe language, linguistics foundation is structureslinguistic theoretical Bloomfleld and transfer grammar theoretical Chomsky. Psychologyfoundation is transfer. One of positive transfer has promoted language learning. English beginners of Chinese learners have wrong ideas that they think every Chinese wordcan find a corresponding English word. They do not know a word maybe has different meaning inother language, for example Chinese “重”corresponds to "heavy" in English, but “heavy” hasdifferent meaning. We can say heavy box，heavy smoker, heavy rain, heavy traffic etc.
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2.2. Error Analysis
By the late l960s. the EA approach appeared as an alternative to the CA approach. Corder(1967) provide a systemic framework of EA, and introducing the idea that errors is a necessarypart of linguistic development, and that errors are of significance because they represent thedivergence between the grammar of the learner and that of the target language. Before errors are identified, the definition of error should be discussed. For decades scholarshave been providing many definitions (cited in Lennon, 1991:182), they indicated that errors are“the use of a linguistic item in a way which, according to fluent users of the language, indicatesfaulty or incomplete learning，’ (Chunetal, 1982:538). Others thought that “An errors occurs wherethe speaker fails to follow the pattern or manner of speech of educated people English speakingcountries today”(Liski and Puntanen, 1983:227). Still some scholars defined error as ‘‘a linguisticform or combination of forms which, in the same context or under similar conditions ofproduction, would, in all likelihood, not be produced by the native speakers' counterparts.(Lennon, 1991:182)” Error lead to deviation of language use due to the learner，lack ofunderstanding of correct language rules (Corder, 1967). In the speech or writing of a second or aforeign language learner, researchers thought thai the errors are "the use of a linguistic item in away which a fluent or native speaker of the language regards as showing faulty or incompletelearning" (Richard et al., 2000).
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Chapter 3 Research Design.........   18 
3.1 Study subject .........18
3.2 Data collection......... 18
3.3 Instruments......... 19
3.4 A general description of the lexical errors......... 20
3.5 Identification and tagging the lexical errors......... 22
3.6 Procedures .........23
Chapter 4 Results and Discussion.........24
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