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论文作者:英语论文论文属性:学期论文 termpaper登出时间:2014-09-01编辑:yangcheng点击率:13735
论文字数:4311论文编号:org201408272209139937语种:英语 English地区:美国价格:免费论文
摘要:这是一篇提高农村劳动力的就业机会的留学生论文,本文通过对其中一项假设性研究的模拟,来进行分析,解决贫困农村人口的就业不足问题,是一篇优秀的留学生论文范例。
Research Problem
In Sri Lanka, poverty is mainly a rural phenomenon. Data on consumption poverty in Sri Lanka shows that rural areas account for 82% of the poor in the country and the decline in rural poverty is slower than that seen in the urban sector. There is also a link between agricultural livelihoods and poverty as spatial analysis of poverty shows that the areas with the highest concentration of poor are also areas with a high proportion of the population engaged in agriculture. More than 80% of employment in the agricultural sector is informal, compared to 57% in industry and 48% in services. This is particularly relevant for a discussion on poverty, as it is estimated that informal sector employees receive on average less than half what is paid to formal sector workers.
In terms of employment categories, close to 50% of employment is provided by wage work in the informal sector, which is associated with insecurity and low returns. Not surprisingly, the rural poor are more dependent on casual wage work, be it agricultural or non-agricultural. Among agricultural households, almost 40% of the household income of the poorest group comes from casual wage labour. Of this an estimated 24% comes from agricultural wage work, and 15% comes from non-agricultural wage work. As shown in Table 1, studies have shown that poverty among casual employees is higher than in the case of all other employment categories.
Table 1: Headcount Index by individuals’ employment status, 2003/04
Employment Status
Percentage Below the poverty line
Employer
n/a
Regular employee
7.4
Self-Employed
13.9
Contractual employee
16.7
Unpaid Family Worker
18.1
Casual employee
24.5
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