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stainable development demands that the environmental impacts of natural resource exploitation, extraction, transformation, consumption, and recycling and final disposable should be minimized. This means that land that has been used for mining operations must be rehabilitated to a state that allows successive uses to benefit from it.”

Several industries, especially mining corporations are increasing their awareness regarding the preservation of the environment for a sustainable future as well as to keep up with performance and competence.

“A study recently conducted by PricewaterhouseCoopers of 32 world-class mining and mineral organizations revealed that 18 of the studied organizations use the term of sustainable development for various internal and external uses, and have an understanding of sustainable development which primarily focuses on local operational impacts, particularly on employees and local communities” (PricewaterhouseCoopers and MMSD, 2001 cited by Yakovleva, 2005; 40).

The production of aluminium in Brazil is increasing each year and companies see themselves trapped in regulations, policies, and pressures from environmentalist groups.

For example, “Brazil produced 24.8 Mt of bauxite in 2003, with the marketable output increasing 29% to 17 Mt. Of this total Mineracao Rio do Norte (MRN) accounted for 14.2 Mt with the remaining 3 Mt being produces by CBA, Alcoa, Alcan, Mineracao Curimbaba and MSI Minerais S.A. Total Braziliam alumina production in 2003 was estimated at 4.7 Mt, a 34% increase from 2002. Alumina exports were estimated at 1.95 Mt at US$ 334 million” .

“Corporate Social Responsibility employing mechanisms of tri-sector partnerships can minimize the negative impacts and risks of social issues related to mining project development” (Accut et al, 2001 cited by Yakovleva, 2005; 63).

Different are the states in Brazil strong in deposits of iron, bauxite etc, like for example, Para, which is growing economically, thanks to the investments of multinational organizations. However, are those organizations really acting to reach a sustainable future?

According to Veiga et al (2001; 191-192 cited by Enriquez and Drummond, 2007; 72), “The main message propagated by the International Council on Metals and the Environment (ICME) and the World Bank in respect of the viability of the mining is that, in order to achieve long-term sustainability and viability of the mining industry itself and local communities, mining companies must now pursue their interests in a way that also promotes those of the local communities in the regions where they are operating.”

Whitemore (2006 cited by Enriquez and Drummond, 2007; 72) “emphasizes that the mineral industry’s efforts to announce its adherence to the principles of sustainable development stem not from the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio, but from the 1998 Global Mining Initiative (GMI), an event organized by the mining industry itself. The GMI generated a two-year research and dialogue effort (Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development, MMSD), followed by a conference and by the formation of the International Council of Mining and Metals (ICMM).”

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