Bussiness ManagementMBAstrategyHuman ResourceMarketingHospitalityE-commerceInternational Tradingproject managementmedia managementLogisticsFinanceAccountingadvertisingLawBusiness LawEducationEconomicsBusiness Reportbusiness planresearch proposal
英语论文题目英语教学英语论文商务英语英语论文格式商务英语翻译广告英语商务英语商务英语教学英语翻译论文英美文学英语语言学文化交流中西方文化差异英语论文范文英语论文开题报告初中英语教学英语论文文献综述英语论文参考文献
ResumeRecommendation LetterMotivation LetterPSapplication letterMBA essayBusiness Letteradmission letter Offer letter
澳大利亚论文英国论文加拿大论文芬兰论文瑞典论文澳洲论文新西兰论文法国论文香港论文挪威论文美国论文泰国论文马来西亚论文台湾论文新加坡论文荷兰论文南非论文西班牙论文爱尔兰论文
小学英语教学初中英语教学英语语法高中英语教学大学英语教学听力口语英语阅读英语词汇学英语素质教育英语教育毕业英语教学法
英语论文开题报告英语毕业论文写作指导英语论文写作笔记handbook英语论文提纲英语论文参考文献英语论文文献综述Research Proposal代写留学论文代写留学作业代写Essay论文英语摘要英语论文任务书英语论文格式专业名词turnitin抄袭检查
temcet听力雅思考试托福考试GMATGRE职称英语理工卫生职称英语综合职称英语职称英语
经贸英语论文题目旅游英语论文题目大学英语论文题目中学英语论文题目小学英语论文题目英语文学论文题目英语教学论文题目英语语言学论文题目委婉语论文题目商务英语论文题目最新英语论文题目英语翻译论文题目英语跨文化论文题目
日本文学日本语言学商务日语日本历史日本经济怎样写日语论文日语论文写作格式日语教学日本社会文化日语开题报告日语论文选题
职称英语理工完形填空历年试题模拟试题补全短文概括大意词汇指导阅读理解例题习题卫生职称英语词汇指导完形填空概括大意历年试题阅读理解补全短文模拟试题例题习题综合职称英语完形填空历年试题模拟试题例题习题词汇指导阅读理解补全短文概括大意
论文作者:留学生论文论文属性:硕士毕业论文 thesis登出时间:2023-08-26编辑:vicky点击率:791
论文字数:38566论文编号:org202308210947275161语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:$ 66
关键词:商务英语论文
摘要:本文是一篇商务英语论文,本研究相较于以往研究发现BELF会谈中还出现其他类型的缓和语,如模糊词、语义降级、协商策略、情态动词、完成体、引用型保护语和战略离题。
Chapter TwoLiterature Review
2.1 Definitions of mitigation
So far,scholars have not reached a consensus on the definition and classificationof moderated languages.Fraser(1980),the first scholar to study mitigation and hasbeen widely recognized,initially applied the concept of mitigation to modernpragmatics in Conversational Mitigation and gave the relevant definitions andclassifications.Fraser holds that mitigation is not a type of speech act and to mitigateis closely related to some particular illocutionary act or perlocutionary act.He pointsout some features of mitigation:it can arise certain effects such as making utterancesmore soft or palatable,modify those effects which are unwelcome to hearers,and it isnot the same as politeness or hedging.Both Holmes(1984)and Blum Kulka et al.(1989)consider mitigation as the attenuation.Caffi(1999;2007)extends the conceptof mitigation,maintaining that as a synonym for attenuation,mitigation is the result ofa weakening of one of the interactional parameters,and a downgrading when theparameters involved are scalar,and it has the funtion of smoothing interactionalmanagement.She also presented a working hypothesis,attempting to establish linksbetween scopes of mitigation and their potential effects on the relational emotive level.Albelda and Estellés(2021)provide a definition of mitigation based on threeinterconnected dimensions:From a psychological perspective,they regards mitigationas a preservative force;from a socio-rhetorical perspective,mitigation is the result of a speaker reading the hearer’s mind and suspecting the image of the hearer in order toachieve interaction goals that are beneficial to the speaker;from a linguisticperspective,mitigation is often expressed by marked expressions and mechanismsthat minimize semantic or illocutionary intensity,increase vagueness,or defocalizethe sources of enunciation.In addition,they consider that semantic(not pragmatic)mitigation,politeness and intensification are not qualified as mitigation.
2.2 Classifications of mitigation
Scholars put forward the definition of mitigation,but also gave their ownclassifications of mitigation.Fraser(1980)pointed out that there are two kinds ofmitigation,namely self-serving mitigation and altruistic mitigation.Among them, there are two forms of self-serving mitigation.One is that the speaker will considerthe negative impact of his behavior on the speaker,and show the tendency to defendhis speech behavior,hoping to eliminate the negative feelings of the hearer.Thesecond is that the speaker needs to use mitigation to get out of the dilemma,namely,to imply his point of view or original intention through mitigation.He also proposessix specific strategies,indirect speech acts,distancing techniques or immediacies,parenthetical verbs,disclaimers,tag questions,and hedges.
Both Holmes(1984)and Blum Kulka et al.(1989)consider mitigation as theattenuation.Although their definitions are similar,they proposed the classification ofmitigation from different dimensions.Holmes pointed out that mitigation involvesweakening the illocutionary force produced by a specific sp本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。