英语论文网

公函规范。
措辞的庄重还表现在用派生名词(nominal derivatives)替代它们的动词词干(verbal stems)的倾向。如,“We are now awaiting the arrival of your L/C, on receipt of which we shall make the necessary arrangements for the delivery of your order.”一句就连用了四个派生名词(斜体部分),而在口语体中它们通常被对应的动词形式arrive、receive、arrange和deliver代替。
用不定式短语和介词短语作名词的后置修饰语也是常见的公函正式化的一种方法,如“confirmed L/Cto be established in our favor”,“silk blouses to be packed in half-dozen carton boxes”,“invoice to be certified by British Consul”;“the item in question(=which is being talked about)”,“the letter under reply(= which is being replied)”等。
介词短语还经常替代形容词和分词短语作表语以增加措辞的典雅,如“Everything is in order(= ready).”,“The regulation is still in effect(= effective).”,“It is to your advantage(=advantageous to you) to...”,“Our cooperation will be to our mutual benefit(= beneficial to both of us).”, “We have been in this line(= engaged in this business) for many years”等。

 

3.2语篇建构
3.2.1公函语篇的构件
英语公函有固定的格式,一般由七个部分组成:1)信头(heading);2)日期(date);3)收信行名称地址(inside name and address);4)称呼(salutation);5)信的正文(body);6)信尾敬语(complementary closing);7)致信人签名(signature)。除以上构件外,有些公函在正文正上方写上标题(caption),它可以是信件编号、定单号、信用证号、合同号或正在交易的商品名等。商务信函还会根据实际需要,应用一些特殊符号,如信件编号(Your ref.; Our ref.)、区分口授者与记录者的认辨记号(如RS: js)、抄送符(CC);附件符(Encl.)、附言符(P.S.)等。
公函的主要部分是函件正文。

 

3.2.2公函语篇的建构方法
1)劝说法(Persuasion)
由于商业信函的主要功能之一是对对方的态度和行为施加影响(to influence),因此劝说法广泛应用于这类信函的语篇建构。劝说法通过摆事实、讲道理,说服对方相信本方的产品，这种语篇建构方式在促销和索赔之类的信函中尤其普遍,如下例所示:
(a) By virtue of its superior quality and moderate price, this item has met with a warm reception in American Continent. We deem it to your advantage to buy this item for a trial sale in your market.
例(a)通过产品在美洲市场畅销的事实说明它的质量上乘、价格适中,为下文劝说对方试销该产品作铺垫。
(b) We regret to have to complain about your delayed delivery of our Order No. 685 for 100 sets of computers. We did not receive them until the writing time though you guaranteed July delivery. As you know, it was on the basis of this guarantee that we placed the order with you.
例(b)先抱怨定货未如期收到,并强调对方按时发货的承诺是本方愿意定货的理由,使下文提出的索赔要求有据可依。劝说体语篇的重要特点之一是信息结构的无标记(unmarked information structure)(Brown &Yule,1983),即新信息(new information)出现在已知信息(given information)之后,处于句末位置,是话语的重心,所以这种信息结构也叫句末重心(end-weight) (Leech & Svartvik,1975)。处于重本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。