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Lord John Browne, Former CEO of British Petroleum p.l.c., United
Kingdom
Kemal Dervi¸s, Administrator, the United Nations Development
Program
Alejandro Foxley, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Chile
Goh Chok Tong, Senior Minister in Cabinet and Chairman,
Monetary Authority of Singapore
Han Duck-soo, Former Prime Minister, The Republic of Korea
Danuta Hübner, Commissioner for Regional Policy, European
Commission, PolandCarin Jämtin, Former Minister for International Development,SwedenPedro-Pablo Kuczynski, Former Prime Minister, Peru
Danny Leipziger, Vice President for Poverty Reduction and Economic
Management, the World Bank Group (Vice Chair)
Trevor Manuel, Minister of Finance, South Africa
Mahmoud Mohieldin, Minister of Investment, Arab Republic of
EgyptNgozi N. Okonjo-Iweala, Managing Director, the World Bank Group
Robert Rubin, Chairman, Citigroup, the United States
Robert Solow, Nobel Laureate in Economics and Professor Emeritus,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the United States
Michael Spence, Nobel Laureate in Economics, and Professor
Emeritus, Stanford University (Chair)
Sir K. Dwight Venner, Governor, Eastern Caribbean Central Bank,
St. Kitts and Nevis
Ernesto Zedillo, Director, Center for the Study of Globalization, Yale
University, and Former President of Mexico
Zhou Xiaochuan, Governor, People’s Bank of China

Contents v
Contents
Members of the Commission on Growth and Development iii
Preface vii
Abbreviations Forthcoming
Overview 1
Introduction 13
PART 1
Sustained, High Growth in the Postwar Period 17
PART 2
The Policy Ingredients of Growth Strategies 33
PART 3
Growth Challenges In Specifi c Country Contexts 71
PART 4
New Global Trends 95
Statistical Appendix: The World Economy
and Developing Countries Since WWII 105
Glossary Forthcoming
List of Participants and Contributors Forthcoming
Index Forthcoming

Preface vii
Preface
This report brings together the views of a Commission of 19 leaders, mostly
from developing countries, and a fellow academic, Bob Solow. The leaders
carry with them decades of accumulated experience in the challenging
work of making policies that infl uence millions of people’s lives: their job
prospects, their health, their education, their access to basic amenities, such
as water, public transportation, and light in their homes; the quality of their
day-to-day lives; as well as the lives and opportunities enjoyed by their
children.
They have wrestled with the complexity of all the basic ingredients of
growth strategies: budget allocations, taxes, exchange rates, trade and
industrial policies, regulations, privatizations, and monetary policies, to
name just a few. Sometimes these choices seem remote from people’s dayto-
day lives. But they have a tremendous impact.
It has been an honor for me to serve with them and also a breathtaking,
high-speed learning process. I hope we are successful in sharing their
insights, and those of a dedicated development and policy community of
academics and practitioners, through this report and prominently through
the papers, workshops, and case studies that go along with it.
The number of people living in high-growth environments or in countries
with OECD per capita income levels has increased in the past 30 years by a
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