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n differentdisciplines; two, as a postgraduate majoring in linguistics, the author is much morefamiliar with linguistic studies, and hence can better maintain accuracy.32 abstracts collected from leading journals at home and abroad will be studied inthis paper. Four abstracts will be collected from each of the four domestic journals:Foreign Language and Their Teaching, Contemporary Linguistics, Modern ForeignLanguages and Foreign Language World. Four abstracts will be collected from each ofthe four overseas journals: Journal of Linguistics, Journal of Pragmatics, ELT Journaland Cognitive Linguistics. In order to increase the validity and reliability of the data, theauthor eliminated abstracts which are too short or too long. The abstracts chosen arerestricted to 120-200 words in length, and are listed in the Appendix.Liu Dan (2012) also analyzed the 32 abstracts but under the framework ofAppraisal Theory. The author uses the same corpus for the purpose of better contrastingthe results attained from Appraisal Theory with that from the new Rhetoric-AppraisalApproach.

1.3 Structure of the thesis

This thesis consists of six chapters.Chapter 1 gives a general introduction to the background of the study, and definesand delimits the important keyword “abstract” and the scope of the study.Chapter 2 reviews previous studies on abstract, their past achievements andlimitations, and suggests a new approach.Chapter 3 briefly introduces both Burkean New Rhetoric and Appraisal Theory, thetwo major theoretical resources that constitute the basis of the new theoreticalframework the author is going to construct and apply in Chapter 4. This chapter alsobriefs the methodology that will be used.Chapter 4 then integrates the two into a new theoretical framework,Rhetoric-Appraisal Approach. After that, the author endeavors to analyze distributions ofRhetoric-Appraisal resources, elucidate the reasons why their distributions are different,and identify how these Rhetoric-Appraisal resources are realized through diversifiedlexical categories or grammatical patterns in abstracts. With the data collected, theauthor tries to answer the research questions put forward in Chapter 3.Chapter 5, the concluding chapter, summarizes the major findings and theimplications of this study, and then sketches out the limitations of the study and somesuggestions for further study.

Chapter 4 Towards a Rhetoric-Appraisal Approach to academic abstract studies.......................41

4.1 Identification through Sympathy-Affect ............................................................................42

4.1.1 Realization of Identification through Sympathy-Affect ..............................................43

4.2 Identification through Antithesis-Judgment .......................................................................45

4.2.1 Realization of Identification through Antithesis-Judgment.........................................48

4.3 Identification through Inaccuracy-Appreciation ................................................................49

4.3.1 Realization of Identification through Inaccuracy-Appreciation ..................................51

4.4 Identification through Inaccuracy-Deixis...........................................................................53

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