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r clinical experience(7)问题:problemof, aspecton,如:甲状腺机能亢进手术治疗的几个问题:Certain problems of the surgi-cal treatment of hyperparathyroidism(8)报告:a report of/on,如:青少年桡骨远端骨骺损伤附51例报告:Distal epiphysis injury of radius inadolescence: A report of 51 cases(9)评估(鉴定) Assessment/evaluation/estimation/appraisal/calculation/valuation/appreciation of,如:肝功能的鉴定:Assessment of liver function(10)关系,相关,比较,对照:relationship/correla-tion/association,comparison/contrast等作中心词,后接of…and,of…with或between…and,如:甲烷产生的细菌与纤毛虫的关系:Correlation of methanogenicbacteria with ovine rumsu ciliates(11)技术,使用,特征,结果,方法,模式,证据,介绍: technique, use, property/characteristics/feature,result, method, model, evidence/proof,introduction等作中心词,后接介词for, of, to, in等,或用带to的不定式短语,如:结肠腺癌细胞线SW620生物特征:Bio-logical properties of the human colonic adenocarchinomacell lines SW620.(12)(药物)治疗:A治疗B(A=药物名称,B=病名),A in the treatment/management of B, treatment ofB withA, use ofA in the treatmentof B, Atherapy/treat-ment of B, A in/for B,如:可乐亭治疗高血压:Cloni-dine in the treatment of hypertension(13)(非药物)治疗:A治疗B(A=治疗方法,B=病名),A for/in B, A in the treatment of B, treatmentof B by A,如:甲状旁腺切除治疗慢性肾功能衰竭:Parathyroidectomy for chronic renal failure(14)诊断:A诊断B(A=诊断方法,B=病名),Ain the diagnosis of B, assay/detection ofA in B, diagnosisof B by/with A, detection of B by A, application of A tothe diagnosis of B,A in B如:心脏病患者肌酐激酶同功酶的测定:Detection of creatine kinase isoenzymes inheart disease

 

3　标题写作中若干问题的处理

 

3.1　标题中的缩略词和数字　标题中应使用公认的缩略词语、代号、符号、公式等,但不宜将其原形词同时列出,也不必写出中文全名,以外国人命名的综合征或体征也不必译成中文,不加“氏”字。例如:DNA(脱氧核糖核酸),AIDS(艾滋病),LC100(绝对致死浓度),HBsAg(乙型肝炎表面抗原)等。但对非公认的缩略词语,可先用全称,然后将缩略词语放在其后的括号内,如丙型肝炎病人: hepatitis C virus(HCV),维甲酸:all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)。标题中的数字应用阿拉伯数字。

 

3.2　标题的书写格式　不同的医学期刊对标题的书写规则要求不同,一般有3种方式:(1)仅首词的第一个字母大写,其它(除通用的缩略词语、专有名词外)均小写。副标题中首词的第1个字母一般要大写,如:输血后肝炎60例报告:Posttransfusion hepatitis: A report of 60 cases(2)标题中每个词的第一个字母大写。某些虚词,如冠词、连词和介词要小写。有的杂志规定,4个字母及以上的介词,如with,from, after, against, be-tween等,要大写[2],如:恶性高血压与吸烟:MalignantHypertension and Cigarette Smoking(3)标题中所有字母均用大写。如:腹部联体共肝女婴手术分离1例:A SUCCESSFUL OPERATIONONA PAIR OF FEMALE WITHCONJOINED LIVER

 

3.3　冠词的用法　标题首和副标题首均可省略冠词。病名、症状、药名、复数名词前等不用冠词。如:革兰氏阴性杆菌休克的治疗:https://www.51lunwen.org/yyyxlw/Treatment of gram-nega-tive shock (Treatment前省略The)/革兰氏阴性杆菌休克169例分析:Shock caused by gram-negative microor-ganism: Analysis of 169 cases (Analysis前省本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。