摘要:英语论文网提供英国硕士论文代写,本文对有关英国家具贸易协会从办公室,合同和厨房家具的零排放问题做一系列研究,Zero emissions from office, contract and kitchen furniture-The British Furniture Manufacturers trade association Project partners
first life to become the raw materialsfor subsequent products. The case study regarding Morgan Contract Furnitureshows that environmental improvement can go hand in hand with economicbenefits associated with leaner manufacturing and increased marketability of theproduct
Sustainable procurement: furniture purchasers have the potential to influence
the supply chain by demanding environmentally sound products and services.Furthermore, such purchasers can also specify a constructive end-of-life outlet fortheir used furniture. This project has sought to provide the tools for contract andoffice furniture purchasers to enable them to take an informed view regarding theenvironmental credentials of furniture and the potential options at its end-of-life
Remanufacture: the use of end-of-life furniture to create new products, offers anattractive route for furniture which is surplus to reuse requirements. However, a
wide range of
logistical, operational and marketing barriers must be addressed for
the process to function in an economically viable manner. The concept has been
embraced by a number of commercial organisations in the US and Green-Works
proved that the process can potentially work in the UK.
Zero emissions from office, contract and kitchen furniture Page 4
1 Introduction
A range of documented research projects have been undertaken previously to reduceenvironmental impact within the furniture sector. These have typically concentratedon the manufacturing phase rather than the whole of the supply chain with anemphasis on specific production issues such as solvent reduction, packagingoptimization and wood waste resource efficiency (BFM 2001, 2002, 2004 & 2005).
The result has been the identification of best practices which offer good scope for
improvement, but the change has been incremental rather than providing step changes
towards sustainable production.
For example, wastage rates for board material typically average around 20%. The
potential for excellent economic and environmental savings has been demonstrated.
However, the bulk of material (80%) ends up as finished product, becoming waste at
the end of its useful life. By definition, much greater environmental improvements
can be achieved by concentrating on the 80% rather than the 20%.
Therefore, this project has focussed on the wider supply chain and ways to preserve
the value of the materials embodied within furniture. The process of furniture
manufacture starts with the concept of the need and the subsequent design. The
manufacturing process requires a range of physical inputs which lead to the
generation of the product and associated waste materials. The finished good is placed
on the market, used and eventually comes to the end of its first useful life at which
point it is typically disposed of. This results in an open system, which constantly
requires new raw materials and the availability of further landfill capacity.
Consequently, the system is not sustainable.
A feasibility study was completed in early 2006 to identify whether there was scope
for significant environmental improvement in the furniture supply chain. The study
concluded that good potential existed, especially with regard to 4 key areas:
Product service systems: reconsideration of the way in which furniture
manufacturers sell their product offers the potential to decouple produc
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