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论文作者:留学生论文论文属性:硕士毕业论文 thesis登出时间:2021-01-25编辑:vicky点击率:6547
论文字数:33202论文编号:org202101121146147298语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:$ 66
摘要:本文是一篇英语毕业论文,本文以相位理论为基础,研究了英语it分裂和汉语中的时…去分裂这两种常用结构。
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Chapter Two Literature Review
2.1 Previous Studies of English It-cleft
2.1.1 Extraposition Analysis
There are two major and classical approaches for scholars to analyze English it-cleft: extraposition approach and expletive approach. The former one is firstly detailedin Jespersen’s work (1927). He proposes that it-cleft should be treated most closely asthe specificational copular sentence. This proposal means that the cleft clause bears adirect syntactic or semantic relation to it and is spelled out after the clefted XP throughextraposition or by forming a discontinuous constituent with it, namely, the cleft clauseis in some way related with the cleft pronoun it. There are two main ways for dealingwith the relation between the pronoun it and the cleft clause: one is that the cleft clauseoriginates as a modifier of the surface subject it and then undergoes movement fromclause-initial subject position to clause-final position by rules such as extraposition; theother is that the cleft clause is base-generated in clause-final position and is related withit through some kind of Logical Form (LF) or prosyntactic interpretative rule.
Examples of extraposition are provided intensively in 1970s. Akmajian (1970)claims that it-cleft are syntactically derived from wh-cleft. The rule which forms it-cleftextraposes the initial clause of wh-cleft to the end of the sentence, leading to themanifestation of it. In his analysis, it seems to be an expletive element. Gundel’s (1977)view is somewhat similar to Akmajian’s. He also agrees that it-cleft is derived fromwh-cleft but not in the same way as Akmajian’s extraposition. He holds the opinion thatit-cleft is a reduced form of right-dislocated wh-cleft. Therefore, in his analysis, it is apronominal copy of the right-dislocated clause. In Bolinger’s (1972) analysis, he takes the analytic compound relative (eg. That which I like is Gone with the Wind.) as theideal source of it-cleft. Moreover, he analyzes it as a restrictively modified pronoun butnot a place holder or a pronominal copy. Linguists who hold extraposition approachalso include Emonds (1976), Wirth (1978) and Percus (1997).
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2.2 Previous Studies of Chinese Shi…de Cleft
2.2.1 Syntactic Movement Analysis
Shen Jiaxuan (2007,2008) tend to think that the syntactic movement approach isquestionable. There are some problems that can be hardly overcome, such as the changeof truth condition of the original sentences or the non-recoverability of the basestructure. Here is an example: “Ta shi xuexiao fu gongzi de”. If we turn it into “Ta shixuexiao fu de gongzi.”, the consequence is with the change of focal scope, the meaningis obviously different with the original sentence. It can be observed that in the first sentence, the meaning is “it is the school that pays him wages all the tim本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。