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f the cocoa tree(可可树) by South American Indians. The Spanish Introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500’s. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London, shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exit today.
The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “potato Famine(饥荒)” of 1845-1846, and thousands more were forced to leave their homeland and move to America.
There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the world’s largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country is Africa. It was first made into a drink by Aragbs during the 1400’s.
According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered when a person named kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the “wide- awake” feeling that one-third of the world’s population now starts the day with.
36 According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years?
A Clothing
B Food
C Ideology
D Language
37 “some” in the last sentence of the first paragragh refers to
A some cocoa trees
B some chocolate drinks
C some South American Indians
D some shops
38 Thousands of Irish people starved during the “Potato Famine” because
A they were so dependent on potatoes that they refused to eat anything else
B they were forced to leave their homeland and move to America.
C the potato harvest was bad
D the weather conditions in Ireland were not suitable for growing potatoes.
39 Which country is the largest coffee producer?
A Colombia
B Brazil
C Ethiopia.
E Egypt
40 Which of the following statements is Not True, Acoording to the passage?
A Coffee is native to colombia
B One-third of the world’s population drinks coffee.
C Coffee can keep one awake.
D Coffee drinks were first made by Arabs.
第三篇：
Giving Up Smoking
A number of devices are available to help a person quit smoking. Nicotine(尼古丁) patches are small, nicotine-containing adhesive(粘着性的) discs applied to the skin. The nicotine is slowly absorbed through the skin and enters the bloodstream. Over time, the nicotine dose is reduced and eventually the desire for nicotine is eased. Nicotine gum works in a similar manner, providing small doses of nicotine when chewed.
The benefits of giving up smoking include the immediate reduction of harm to the health of the smoking and easily admission to social activities and institutions that ban smoking. In a 1988 report, the U.S. Surgeon General declared cigarette smoking to be more harmful and expensive than the use of cocaine(可卡因) , alcohol, or heroin. Recent evidence supports this claim.
The United States government has collected a special tax on cigarettes for several decades. The rate rose from 8 cents per pack of 20 cigarettes in 1951 to 24 cents per pack in 1993. In other developed countries, the cigarette tax rate is much higher, ranging from 50 percent in Switzerland to 85 percent in Denmark.
In the United States, the first direct acti