摘要:本文是美国留学生essay作业代写范文,主要内容是讲述能源作为重要的经济元素,对人类社会产生的作用,以及过度依赖能源燃料对气候变化产生的影响,并提出可再生能源的重要性。
能源燃料与气候变化
Energy Fossil Fuels and climate change
能源是我们经济的一个重要元素,是我们生活的基本来源。然而,我们目前使用的能源的主要来源是化石燃料是不可再生的,并释放温室气体(即二氧化碳)到大气中。根据政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC),2007年,不断上升的二氧化碳的水平是全球变暖的主要原因,自1950年以来,上涨预期由于持续燃烧化石燃料和土地利用的变化。
英国目前约有2 %的全球排放量,其中,根据IPCC,估计380亿吨二氧化碳2004。英国能源产业是英国温室气体排放的主要贡献者,二氧化碳占英国温室气体排放量的2006左右,占85。为了减少排放,2003英国能源白皮书提出了一个目标,减少60%的二氧化碳排放量,并创造一个低碳经济的2050。实现这些目标的一种方法是通过从产生非常低或零水平的温室气体,如可再生能源的来源,我们的能源。,可再生能源的释放没有温室气体在发电,碳在他们的生命周期中性。英国具有很强的可再生能源资源潜力,特别是在风能和波浪能。因此,可再生能源将在改善气候变化的关键作用,并对可再生能源的英国政策将提出对能源的使用更有效的方法发展的主动权。
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 执行摘要
Energy is a key element of our economy and essential source of our living. However, the main sources of energy we currently use are the fossil fuels which are non-renewable and release greenhouse gases (i.e. carbon dioxide) into the atmosphere. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2007, rising carbon dioxide (CO2) levels are the primary cause of global warming since 1950, and are expected to rise due to ongoing burning of fossil fuels and land-use change.
UK currently contributes about 2 per cent to global emissions, which, according to the IPCC, were estimated to be 38 billion tonnes carbon dioxide in 2004. UK energy industries are the main contributors to UK greenhouse gas emissions, CO2 accounted for about 85 per cent of the UK's greenhouse gas emissions in 2006. In order to reduce emissions, 2003 UK Energy White Paper sets out an objective to cut carbon dioxide emissions by 60% and create a low carbon economy by 2050. One way of achieving those targets would be by generating our energy from sources that produce very low or zero levels of greenhouse gases such as renewable energy sources. . Renewable sources of energy release no greenhouse gases in generating electricity, and carbon-neutral over their life cycle. The UK has a strong potential for renewable energy resource, particularly in wind and wave power. Because of this, renewable energy will have a key role in improving the climate change situation, and the UK policy on renewables will propose the initiative for development of a more efficient approach to energy use.
This
dissertation will examine the factors driving the development of renewable energy market in the UK, and the government's role in driving CO2 reductions. The analysis will be divided into two parts; first part would consider the prospects and contribution of renewables to the UK economy, second part would specifically concentrate on evaluation of whether the policies and targets set by government are achievable, and conclusion will summarize the future prospects and recommendations for the renewable energy market in the UK.
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 简介
'A sustainable energy future is possible, but only if we act urgently and decisively to promote, develop and deploy a full mix of energy technologies... We have the means, now we need the will…”
Claude Mandil, International Energy Agency (IEA)
In 21st century, there has been a significant increase in energy demand due to the factors such as population growth and our modern lifestyles, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA) today 86.5 % of total worldwide energy consumption is generated from fossil fuels such as natural gas, oil and coal; which are said to be non-renewable, and are the main cause for the increase in green house gases and carbon dioxide
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