Teaching Strategies of Oral Class Interaction [27]
论文作者:佚名论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-16编辑:黄丽樱点击率:64335
论文字数:24157论文编号:org200904162137476813语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:Teaching StrategiesOral Class InteractionA Survey Study on VariouscommunicationMethod
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themselves through the target language. We should therefore avoid becoming over-critical
of the learners' performance. We should try our efforts to create space for each individual
to express himself, and work to produce a relaxed classroom atmosphere with co-operative
relationships. Researchers such as Carroll (1963), Gardner (1976) and Naiman (1978)
have done some research on the effects of anxiety. Scovel (1978) divides anxiety into two
sorts: facilitating anxiety and debilitating anxiety. As far as the effects of anxiety on
learners' production are concerned, the writer of this paper will mainly focus on the
environmental anxiety caused by error or mistake correction. From the perspective of CLT,
the aim of oral class is to encourage learners to speak freely in activities. The focus at this
time should be on fluency. One the one hand, the teacher's error correction may interrupt
learners' communication, it may break down learners' thought. This will surely make the
learners feel nervous and anxious. One the other hand, error correction is of no benefit to
create a safe classroom environment. When the teacher correct a learner's error or mistake,
this might make other learners feel cautious, anxious. This will influence the classroom
interaction, causing negative effect. As Brown (1994: 220) says that giving too much
attention to learners mistakes or errors may led to learners to stop their going-on
communication. It may make learners feel hopeless and disappointed with their
communication since they make so many mistakes. Hendrickson, following Birckbichler
(1977) suggests that, in general, error correction should be limited to "manipulative
grammar practice", the teacher should be tolerated to learners' error during
communicative practice (in Krashen, 1987: 117).
In fact, when learners are encouraged to communicate and make themselves
understood without undue concern for correctness, mistakes are seen as good. Jerry Lynch
(1988) says that growth involves taking risks. People who never take risks never make
mistakes, but it is through mistakes that we learn.
"We learn from our mistakes. So many of us feel that we can and should perform
Teaching Strategies of Oral Class Interaction
perfectly the first time we attempt a challenge. This is totally irrational…expectation.…
Mistakes are= a crucial aspect to any process of growth anct development. Studies indicate
that highly successful, creative people have a higher than ordinary tolerance for errors,
mistakes, and failures. They are willing to learn their setbacks…”•
As a language teacher, one thing he must realise is that: a learner who makes mistakes
because he is trying to do something he has not been told or shown how to do, or which he
has not yet risastered, he is not really making mistakes at ail. Trying to express something
one is not quite sure how to say is a vital feature of using a foreign language, few learners
ever reach the stage of total fluency and accuracy in every situation, and it is often
necessary to make use of whatever resources one can find. Niggling criticism of what the
learners produce will ultimately destroy their confidence to use the language.
So we cari see th}.t, it is important to create a pleasant; relaxed classroom atmosphere
to lower leanness' anxiety in communication. It is also irr}portant to respect the learners
and recognize that they are doing their best. Our feelings
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