de. She believes Rochester’s words about Bertha not only because she loves him, but also in her mind the colonial should be like that, which means that Bertha Mason is also in the marginal social position of the Western women discourseMr. Mason, another character from West Indies, is also described as an unpleasant figure. Among all the words modifying Mr. Mason’s features, besides the neutral ones used for the delineation of appearance, the rest are all negative. If not influenced by the negative ones, 本
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英语论文网www.51lunwen.org整理提供we can find a mild, easy-going and good-looking man. Here, Jane just puts Mr. Mason in the opposite side to Rochester, her love and the spokesman on behalf of the colonists, and regards all Mr. Mason’s good qualities as bad ones. Jane’s power of discourse completely compels Mason out of the center of discourse. Imperial discourse can be used to describe not only the colonized but also other suzerains.“The early ‘imperialism’ did not refer to the relationship between the colonies and their suzerains, but the fights between different nations which had different imperial systems and were suzerains” (Zhang 5). From this perspective, we should sum up that West Indies in the story is distorted. Bertha Mason—the mad woman and Mr. Mason—the trouble maker in the hero and heroine’s wedding ceremony all turn out to be the victims of the colonial discourse. They deserve our attention and sympathy.
Classical works, with their deep meaning, are always impossible to be thoroughly interpreted through one approach of literary criticism. Besides feminism and postcolonialism, psychoanalysis has also been applied to the studies on Jane Eyre.In late 1970s, the American feminists Gilbert and Gubar, for the first time, put forward in The Madwoman in the Attic that the mad woman, Bertha Mason, is actually another depressive and angry Jane. In China, many scholars also hold similar idea. In Wang Wenhui’s “The Tripartite Personality Analysis of Jane Eyre”, she argues that the mad woman is id, Jane ego and St. John superego. Fan Wenbin, another scholar points out that “Jane Eyre represents the bight side of the author while the madwoman the dark side” (Fan).
If we divide the story into two parts (before Jane knew Rochester and after she knew him) and analyze it with Freud’s “tripartite model”--human’s personality consists of three parts: the id, the ego and the superego, we will have new discoveries. In part one, before Jane Eyre knew Rochester, she was most of the time dominated by the id just to escape from the cross Mrs. Reed and cruel Mr. Brocklehurst. And, fortunately, she got help and comfort from Bessie, Helen and Miss Temple, who acted like the ego. 本
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英语论文网www.51lunwen.org整理提供After Jane entered Thornfield Hall, she became a mixture of reason and passion in face of her master’s love and was herself id and ego in intervals.However, the hard reality compelled her from her love to weasel from the superego—Mr. Mason and Bertha Mason.But finally, the superego satisfied the id.Jane reunited with Mr. Rochester. This is a complicated process of the id, the ego and the superego’s competing for one’s respective place. In this process, the heroine herself matures and becomes a complete character.
The id and the superego can be said to be enemies on the opposite sides, while the ego is the coordinator to maintain the peace and harmony.When in Gateshead, Jane suffered from ill treatment from Mrs. Reed, her guardian, the repres
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