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f (1998:83) described listening as “the active processof selecting and integrating relevant information from acoustic input and this process iscontrolled by personal intentions which are critical to listening.” Reviewing listeningstudies done in the past decades, Buck (2001:87) held the opinion that “listening ispersonal and individual, and a series of processes which begin with deciphering incomingsounds and later make meaning out of them.”

Chapter Three Design of the Research......... 53-73
    3.1 The Theoretical Frameworks for the Research .........53-59
    3.2 Research Questions......... 59-60
    3.3 Subjects .........60
    3.4 Materials and Methods......... 60-63
    3.5 Tasks .........63-65
        3.5.1 Listening .........63-64
        3.5.2 Speaking.........64-65
    3.6 Variables of the Present Study......... 65-66
    3.7 Data Collection.........66-72
    3.8 Summary .........72-73
Chapter Four Data Analysis .........73-133
    4.1 Qualitative Analysis......... 73-98
    4.2 Quantitative Analysis......... 98-131
    4.3 Summary .........131-133
Chapter Five Results and Discussion......... 133-155
    5.1 Effects of Lexical Bundles on Listening .........133-136
    5.2 Effects of Lexical Bundles on Englis......... 136-140
    5.3 Effects of Lexical Bundles on Learners’ Affective.........140-144
    5.4 Effects of Learning Motivation on Lexical.........144-146
    5.5 Effective Strategies and Methods for Lexical.........146-148
    5.6 Discussion .........148-153
5.7 Summary......... 153-155

Conclusion

In spite of the limitations mentioned above, the main purpose of this research is to testthe effects of lexical bundles on English listening and speaking skills and to explore thestrategies of lexical bundles teaching and learning. In this sense, the materials have servedour purpose better. The creativity and application value of this research mainly lie in thefollowing aspects:Firstly, using LB extracted from large corpus as input materials for listening andspeaking classes to testify the effects of LB stored and retrieved wholly on listening andspeaking skills, study from this perspective was rarely seen both home and abroad, so itprovides a new study perspective for bettering the teaching of listening and speakingcourse.Secondly, as far as the research methods are concerned, this research combinestheoretical research with experimental research, qualitative research with quantitativeresearch, corpus research with traditional research. After a year’s experiment, the resultsprove that LB have positive effects on improving listening and speaking skills. Theresearch method can also be applied to the study of other language varieties.Thirdly, this research takes language proficiency level and motivation level asmoderator variables and finds that both of them can affect the speed of LB acquisition andthe improvement of listening and speaking skills. The research results can pro本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。