论孔子与柏拉图教育理念的对比:On contrast of education philosophy of Confucius and Plato [2]
论文作者:留学生论文论文属性:硕士毕业论文 thesis登出时间:2010-12-22编辑:anterran点击率:12573
论文字数:3442论文编号:org201012221138249481语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:education philosophyConfuciusPlato
onent Sparta. The cause of the fight was to gain hegemony as well as win democratic politics. Sparta had ruled its people in the way of oligarchy, that is, the privileged minority ruled the majority. Contrarily, Athens exercised democratic politics. Because of convenience of ocean transportation, commerce and handcraft industry were very developed. A quite number of newly emerging commercial slaver owners came into the life. Through fight, they shared some powers with agriculture slaver owners. Living in this environment, in his youth time Plato, like other aristocrats, received good education and accepted various thoughts. It was Socrates who influenced Plato’s thoughts most powerfully. 407 B.C., at his age of 20, Plato became a student of Socrates who was at age of more than 60. The tenacious spirit of Socrates exploring knowledge and criticizing radical democracy sect and detesting pedagogues inspired Plato deeply. About 28years old, Plato left Athens, he made a travel overseas. When he returned Athens, Plato founded the famous Academy in the suburb of Athens in 386 B.C. He taught and wrote there and became a life-time teacher. Gradually, he had his own education philosophy.
2, the commons and differences between Confucius and Plato
(1), the education goal
In China’s slave system society, the people being educated were slaver owners and aristocrats. Being educated meant being officials. Till the time Confucius was living, this education system could not satisfied the social demand. As a result, private schools came into sight. This let more people be educated. This kind of private school created talents for slaver owner class. Confucius advocated “rule by virtue”. He thought law has forcible power and only constrains people’s action. Rule by virtue has rehabilitating power which can influence people’s soul. On seeing aristocrats’ rotten morality and decay of inheritance system, he advocated using and promoting talents of virtue and thought these talents can not grow up naturally. Therefore, he proposed “learn and become official”. Confucius thought that well-educated talents should follow three virtues, that is, knowledgeable persons would not be perplexed, generous persons would not worry, brave persons would not fear. Therefore, the goal of his education was to nurture gentlemen who had capability of so-called well-performed and teach others.
At the point mentioned above, Plato and Confucius were in common. In “Republic” and “Laws”, Plato systematically explained his education thoughts and theories. He noticed the relations between education and politics and asked for country’s controlling education. He viewed education as a tool of constructing and solidifying an ideal society. He supported country educates young people among ruling class in centralized way. When these young people get to the age of 20, the country tests them and promotes the excellent ones and educates them further. Step by step, they would be educated as the highest rulers. The final education goal of Plato was to create this type of rulers. He thought this education philosophy satisfied justice and would make all country accord with justice. Such country would last forever. So, some scholars said Plato’s Academy is like a “political training class”.
Thus it can be seen, in drastic changing and talent-demanding time, Confucius and Plato were the same in the aspect of education goal. They were aim to educate talents for defending slaver owner or ar
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