ommunications world
Provides:
World-wide broadcasting capability
Mechanism for information dissemination
Medium for collaborative work group environment
Open standards & accessibility:
Evolved into powerful environment to support distributed
group work
Moved from unidirectional to full-blown clientserver
medium
Able to run line-of-business applications and deal
with the complex requirements of
e-Commerce Each facet isolated in terms of:
Control
• data protection, maintainability, etc
Scalability
• decreased load on database server
Flexibility
• client & database independent
Client-server technologyVisualisation technology
Today, visualisation technology used in many
application areas such as engineering, construction,
medicine, military etc
In the main for product design, assessing operation
and maintenance issues and promoting collaboration
between project teams; training and sales and
marketing
Visualisation combined with an integrated and
collaborative approach, offers:
Test proposed projects prior to construction
Walk-through views to identify problems and design
improvements made earlier in the process
Providing a free flow of information between CAD systems
and other applications
Facilitating the selection of
alternative designs CAD exchange formats
IGES (Initial Graphics Exchange Format)
DXF (Data Interchange Format)
Distributed computing
RPC, CORBA, DCOM, RMI
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
CITE
Exchange standards Emerged with development of ‘next’ generation’
DBMS and data exchange standards such as STEP
STandard for Exchange of Product Data international
standard for the exchange of PM data
Launched in 1983 with long-term ambition of improving
communication of engineering information and …
enabling integration by co-ordination of open standards for data
exchange and sharing
‘new generation’ of data exchange standards
intended to enable software to share engineering
information not simply graphical representations
standardising way engineering information is held,
facilitate accurate, coherent, and
unambiguous transfer
Information standards (Product Models) A formal way of capturing concepts and
facts
With an explicit set of usage rules
together, these represent a specified
aspect of a physically realisable artefact
Product models are …
simplified yet complete
accurate, coherent and unambiguous
computer sensible
A Product Model is … EXPRESS language (Part 11):
Standard language for data specification that forms a neutral
human-readable and computer-processable conceptual schema
Exchange structure (Part21):
Defines the format of an exchange structure
SDAI (Standard Data Access Interface - Part 22):
SDAI effectively makes EXPRESS a generic object-oriented
language and turns every valid EXPRESS schema into a
本
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