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之后： The smallest of the URFs is URFA6L, a 207-nucleotide (nt) reading frame overlapping out of phase the NH2-terminal portion of the adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) subinit 6 Gene; it has been identified as the animal equivalent of the recently discovered yeast H+-ATPase subunit 8 gene. 这样新的句子就更加平衡了。尽量避免过长的主语和过短的宾语。这就像头重脚轻的人很难站稳。短的主语紧跟着动词加上长的宾语效果会更好。 3. 读者期望每句只有一个重点，这个重点通常在句尾。比较下面两个句子，我们可以感觉到他们着重强调不同的东西。 URFA6L has been identified as the animal equivalent of the recently discovered yeast H+-ATPase subunit 8 gene. Recently discovered yeast H+-ATPase subunit 8 gene has a corresponding animal equivalent gene URFA6L. 很明显，前面的句子是关于一个最近发现的酵母基因，而第二句则着重强调了它有一个和动物一致的基因。另外一个例子： The enthalpy of hydrogen bond formation between the nucleoside bases 2-deoxyguanosine (dG) and 2-deoxycytidine (dC) has been determined by direct measurement. 这个句子看起来好像是在强调“direct measurement ”。这不太像是原作者的目的。颠倒一下会使句子更加平衡。 We have directly measured the enthalpy of hydrogen bond formation between the nucleoside bases 2-deoxyguanosine (dG) and 2-deoxycytidine (dC). 新的句子更简单而且更短，同时避免了头重脚轻的症状。总之，句尾是读者对该句最后的印象。把最好的，最重要的，和想要读者记住的东西放在句尾。读者对段落的期望每一个段落都应该只讲一个故事。在一段里表述多个观点会使读者很难知道该记住什么、这段想表达什么。一段的第一句要告诉读者这一段是讲什么的。这样读者想跳过这段就可以跳过。一段的最后一句应该是这段的结论或者告诉读者下一段是什么。段落中的句子应该由始到终通过逻辑关系连接，实现由旧信息到新信息的流动。比如这一段：[1] The enthalpy of hydrogen bond formation between the nucleoside bases 2-deoxyguanosine (dG) and 2-deoxycytidine (dC) has been determined by direct measurement. dG and dC were derivatized at the 5 and 3 hydroxylith triisopropylsilyl groups to obtain solubility of the nucleosides in non-aqueous solventsand(sw)to prevent the ribose hydroxyls from forming hydrogen bonds. From isoperibolic titration measurements, the enthalpy of dC:dG base pair formation is -6.650.32 kcal/mol. 很难知道作者在这段里想表达什么。从这段的起始和结束看来，焓(enthalpy) 应该是他想表达的重点。下面是重新组合后的段落。[1] We have directly measured the enthalpy of hydrogen bond formation between the nucleoside bases 2-deoxyguanosine (dG) and 2-deoxycytidine (dC). dG and dC were derivatized at the 5 and 3 hydroxyls with triisopropylsilyl groups; these groups serve both to solubilize the nuclides in non-aqueous solvents and to prevent the ribose hydroxyls from forminghydrogenbond(eos)s. The enthalpy of dC:dG base pair formation is -6.650.32 kcal/mol according to isoperibolic titration measurements, 首句描述了整段的主题。原段里的第一句颠倒是为了1）使新信息“dG ”和“dC” 在句子最后并强调它们。2）更好地跟下面一句衔接。原段里的第二句被分成两部分，这样每一部分只表达了一个观点。最后一句时总结整段。再看另一个例子： Large earthquakes along a given fault segment do not occur at random intervals because it takes time to accumulate the strain energy for the rupture. The rates at which tectonic plates move and accumulate strain at their boundaries are approximately uniform. Therefore, in first approximation, one may expect that large ruptures of the same fault segment will occur at approximately constant time intervals. If subsequent main shocks have different amounts of slipacross the fault, then the recurrence time may vary, and the basic idea of periodic main shocks must be modified. 在这个例子里，前两句共同阐明了积累张力的速度（Rate Of Strain Accumulation)。然而，第一句里的旧信息并没有放在第二句的开始。读者读到第三句的时候通常就不明白这段到底要讲什么了。更清晰的描述应该如下： Large earthquakes along a given fault segment do not occur at random intervals because it takes time to accumulate the strain energy for the rupture. The rates of strain accumulation at the boundaries of tectonic plates are approximately uniform. Therefore, nearly constant time interval(at first approximation) would be expected between large ruptures of the same fault se