1. Background 背景
因为人类的中心主义思想,以至于人类生存环境的改造从未停止过,如无限利用自然资源就会增加人为的城市污染,这对环境造成了不可估量的损失和过度扩张。特别是近年来,全球气候见证了显著变化。最显着的变化是
在过去的十年地球
的平均温度上涨了0.74±0.18℃,(温斯托克,2006年)。在此期间
气候变暖后半年的速率几乎翻了一番。同时,一系列的环境问题围绕我们的城市环境
正在到来。像洪水,侵蚀,极端天气和减少淡水资源,加之城市人口膨胀的增加,整个城镇体系和居民的生活将在未来面临(汤姆,2004年),一个巨大的挑战。虽然气候变化对城市环境的严重影响已经觉醒,并试图解决,但极端气候的不可预测性是一个很大的障碍。因此,更灵活更有效的方法是迫切需要的。
它将侧重于自组织理论在城市规划和建筑中的应用。自组织可以使未来的城市建设更加智能生态环保
化,它可以使城市动态地改变其系统,以适应周围的环境,并有应对未来全球极端气候和气候变化影响的潜力。本文将首先介绍有关全球气候变化的背景信息。随后,自组织的定义和显影过程进行说明。在此之后,它会分析来自三个层面,包括地方层面,行为层面和生态系统水平的城市建筑设计的潜力和可能性。然后,它会分析城市建筑设计的潜力,并自组织的限制。最后,它将提出一个结论,并提出对自组织理论到城市建筑设计的透彻了解的整合将是重要的创造建筑环境是人类社区的健康有益,并加强与自然的积极掺入转型。
Because of the influence of Anthropocentrism, the selection and remake of the human living environment never ceased, such as the unlimited use of natural resources, increased man-made pollutants and overexpansion of cities, which caused incalculable damage to the environment. Especially in recent years, the climate of global witnessed a significant change. The most remarkable change is the average temperature of the earth, which rose by 0.74±0.18 °C over the past decade (Weinstock, 2006). The rate of warming over the last half of that period was almost doubles that for the period as a whole. Meanwhile, a series of environment problem is dawning around our city environment. Like increased flooding, erosion, extreme weather and decreased freshwater resources, coupled with the urban population swell, the whole urban system and the life of inhabitants will face an immense challenge in the future (Tom, 2004). Although the serious influence of the climate change on urban environment has been awakened and tried to solve, the unpredictability of extreme climate is a big handicap. Hence, a more flexible and effective method is urgently required.
This
essay explores whether self-organizing systems, in which ecosystem or organization is mimicked by human beings, can be used for city environment, with the purpose of adapting to the climate change influence, or to reduce climate change causes. It will focus on the application of self-organization theory in urban planning and building. Self-organization can make future urban building more intelligent and ecologic, which can make the urban dynamically change its system, so as to adapt to surrounding environment and have the potential to deal with future global extreme climate and influence of climate change. This
essay will firstly introduce the background information relevant to global climate change. Subsequently, the definition and developing process of self-organization will be described. After that, it will analyze the potentials and possibilities in urban
architecture design from three levels, including local level, behavior level and ecosystem level. Then, it will analyze the potential and limitation of self-organization in urban architecture design. At last, it will put forward a conclusion and propose that the integration of a thorough understanding on self-organization theory into urban architecture design will be important for creating a built environment which is beneficial to human communities’ health, and enhances positive incorporation with natural transformation.
Table of content
1. Background 2
2, Introduction 3
3. Potentials in architecture and urban design 5
3.1 local
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