如何让企业家站在世界舞台上How to make entrepreneurs stand on the world stage [3]
论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:硕士毕业论文 dissertation登出时间:2017-08-18编辑:anne点击率:43553
论文字数:15462论文编号:org201708181131512239语种:英语 English地区:英格兰价格:免费论文
关键词:Chinese entrepreneurshipreform中国企业家精神改革
摘要:如何创建一些不仅了解中国市场经济而且具有国际视野的专业企业家,是中国目前需要解决的重要问题。
ves have to bear all risks encountered. Therefore, entrepreneurs’ activities are risk activities.
Fourth, entrepreneurs’ level is different from general employment level, they have the following characteristics: ‘dare to take risks’ and ‘bear risks’. They combine necessary capital with labor, make a complete plan, and also do supervision to on the details of the cause. Therefore, entrepreneurs are regarded as highly skilled professional class, which is a special factor of production, and should receive special proper rewards which show their professional skills- profit.
Three economists after Marshall inherited and developed his theory.
(Castanet) said that: he regarded entrepreneurs as the main body to drive the market structure, explored nature of entrepreneurs function as middlemen. He divided acts on economic decision-making into two types: (Robinson) decision-making and (Mesias) decision-making. The former is a kind of forced, mechanical practice, and the latter is active, non-mechanical practice. The entrepreneurs’ decision-making belongs to the latter type. Entrepreneurs are not only required to have simple calculation ability, but also required to find out other purposes which are not noted, potentially and more valuable (production); they should have means and alert to figure out some unknown results. The nature of entrepreneurial behaviors is to discover potential untapped opportunities in the relationship between inputs and outputs and the flexibility to take full advantage of these opportunities. Therefore, Castanet though that role of entrepreneurs lies in: start from the truth that can not master all intelligences completely, quickly to find out buyers and sellers beneficial business opportunities, and participate as intermediates, meanwhile, try best to achieve market transactions opportunities.
As for the unreliable role of entrepreneurs in eliminating economic process, Wright (Wright) had a special discussion. He believed that real economic process itself consists of actions to predict future. In this process, there is doubled unreliability: producers must first to determine what products people need and how to carry out productive activities. It is necessary to make promises to those without self-confidence from whom with self-confidence and encouragement so that to play a management authority with the characteristics of the formation of the foundation system, to overcome the unreliability. Entrepreneurs have such distinctive quality. In free system conditions, entrepreneurs as heads of department in this particular situation, on one hand, they should make orders to market activities, on the other hand, they ensure to give fixed rewards to service providers in accordance with the provisions of the contract. Their ‘speculations’ to future form are directly having effect on corporate profits (ability to deal with unreliability).
Penrose (Penrose) specifically pointed out in his book named ‘enterprise development theory’ that it should be combined internal entrepreneurs’ image in leading position with external entrepreneurs’ image for production activities to meet the market environment. He regarded a kind of ability of finding business activity areas (production opportunities) as ‘service of entrepreneurs’. In his view, service of entrepreneurs is to introduce and accept new ideas for interest of enterprises, especially in the products, enterprises status, and major
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