留学生医学法论文 [6]
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论文字数:4093论文编号:org201409161306403176语种:英语 English地区:美国价格:免费论文
关键词:法医科学家Law Essay法律系统法律定义
摘要:本文是一篇留学生医学法的论文,科学和法律因为其获得真相的共同目标而密切相关。他们主要的区别是他们实现目标的方式。法律系统引入了对手听证会,旨在获得公平、公正和社会可接受的结果。
loody coat, which isn’t required. Judges stated that the CSI shows teach the jurors about DNA tests without mentioning when they are required [4]. The dramas give a perception to jurors that DNA must be present in all criminal cases, which are not true.
To win a case, the prosecutors may require forensic scientists to find more evidences in order to cope with the needs of the jurors. Nowadays, the role of forensic scientists are not only presenting evidences in the court, but also have to explain why certain type of evidences are not present or why it is not tested and applied in the case[4].
2.2 Rapid analysis time
In a common practice, forensic scientists usually provide a week for analyzing the received evidences. However, forensic scientists are now asked to do their analysis and obtain results within the same day when they receive the evidences. This may result in jurors of introducing what they have watched in the television to their jobs. In a study, the jurors expected to have a rapid trial as the one shows in the television. They felt angry about the long time legal proceedings in real cases [16]. Although jurors will not expect solving a crime within an hour, they expect to have rapid analysis time such as DNA tests are performed within a few minutes [4]. In real situation, received samples may need to subject to sample preparation such as chemical extraction and modification before they are suitable for analysis. Sample preparation together with sample analysis may sometimes require several days to finish. After obtaining the results, forensic scientists need time to interpret the result and apply them in the real situation. As a large amount of physical evidences are now asked by the jurors, more time is actually needed for analysis.
2.3 Large database and storage area for evidences
Forensic scientists find that they are requested by the jurors to deal with a large amount of physical evidences that they have not expected before [4]. They believe that it is due to the CSI effects. A large database and storage area are usually required to handle a large amount of evidences [4]. Difficulties arise when it comes to the handling of DNA evidences such as blood and hair samples, as they need to be stored at fridges for later analysis. A study in 2006, 61% of the law enforcement agencies stated that they have insufficient storage for evidences, especially for DNA evidences [4]. In addition, a large database is required in keeping the continuity of the information of the evidences, which are subjected for analysis everyday. It is an expensive process to keep updating the data. Funds should be provided for the law enforcement agencies to cope with the needs of the legal system [4].
2.4 Well educated Criminals
The everyday CSI shows are now educating potential criminals with the ways to avoid leaving a trace in the scenes. They learn to wear gloves to avoid fingerprints being deposited in the crime scenes and use breach to destroy DNA evidences before leaving the scenes [4]. With smarter criminals and little evidences left at the crime scenes, forensic scientists are required to undergo a longer and deeper crime scene investigation, finding as much evidences as possible to get the conclusion and convict the right one [4].
2.5 “Tech effect”
Another explanation to the high juror’s expectation of forensic
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