摘要:随着我国经济体制的不断深入改革,经济增长的速度也不断的加快。而与这高速增长的经济相伴随的则是居民收入分配的逐渐拉大,特别是城乡居民收入差距拉大的趋势更是突出。本文通过对20实际80年代后期至2011年海南省城乡居民收入现状及变化趋势的描述分析,对海南省城乡居民收入差距拉大的原因进行探析,并在此基础上提出缩小海南省城乡居民收入差距拉大的对策。
y and the overall level of domestic and a larger gap , the tertiary industry developing rapidly in recent years, though , but its great geographical limitations , the overall existed only in a few major cities.
The structure of agriculture in the rural economy still plays an important role , but the impact of the natural environment by agriculture is relatively large , poor controllability of agricultural products is also more prone to corrosion . Hainan is surrounded by sea , but also in the tropical and subtropical regions , the frequency of natural disasters is relatively high . So, while Hainan Agriculture is now also contains a variety of industries, the development of rural economy continue to improve . But still can not change the agricultural disadvantage. The income of farmers still can not get a big improvement in labor productivity in rural areas remains low .
Relative to Hainan urban region, mainly in the second and third industries, especially the rapid development of the tertiary industry , dominated by tourism and tourism-related modern
logistics industry, culture and sports, Convention as well as financial and insurance industry and other modern service industries have also been encouraged to develop rapidly . Development of these industries are mostly relying on the convenient transportation and towns exist in the town . As a result, labor productivity of urban residents will be able to be constantly improved, the urban residents' income will also increase rapidly. Hainan income gap between urban and rural areas is so constantly widening .
In China, the tax burden between urban and rural areas there is a clear irrationality , higher-income urban residents bear the taxes low, and lower income rural residents have to bear higher taxes . In 1994 , China began to implement the tax system tax system , tax system so that further expansion of rural local extrabudgetary taxes is a rapid increase in rural residents bear not commensurate with the expected income tax burden , and for urban residents , the levy is mainly personal income tax, and there is a certain threshold . In 2007 , China's personal income tax threshold raised to 1,600 yuan, 1 March 2008 adjusted to 2000 yuan Right . According to statistics, in 2002 the national income distribution , access to a 33% income 800 million rural residents , to pay personal income tax actually accounted for 60%. Thus, China 's tax system, not only does not reflect the fairness of the tax , but there is a reverse adjustment problems , expanding the urban-rural income distribution gap .
Meanwhile, with the abolition of agricultural tax policy in Hainan Province to implement , to some extent alleviate the urban-rural income gap. But the government price controls on agricultural products has led to a transformation of urban-rural income gap widening.
" Scissors" that farmers wealth flowed into the town. According to the survey statistics show that in 1979 to 1994 these 16 years, the Government, through the scissors between industry and agriculture from farmers took possession of the revenues of about 1.5 trillion , while total agricultural tax collection is still up to 175.5 billion yuan , while the agriculture expenditure was 379.6 billion yuan , the government through the tax system in the rural surplus funds extracted about 1.3 trillion yuan .
Second, the government price controls on agric
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