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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:作业 Assignment登出时间:2014-06-12编辑:lzm点击率:6364
论文字数:2713论文编号:org201406112353283391语种:英语 English地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:The Acceptance and DoubtScarlet Letterhuman natureChristian religionsHawthorne’s attitudePuritans’ ideology
摘要:Through The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorn highly praises the beauty of human nature and comprehends the Puritan thought and values which deeply influence the Americans. However, he also condemns the negative impact of Puritan society on people’s spirit. And at the same time helps people to realize the dark side of Puritan: harshness and persecutions.
【Key words】Acceptance Doubt The Scarlet Letter
【Abstract】 Nathaniel Hawthorne, a well - known American writer in 19th century, was deeply influenced by puritan thoughts. Because of the complication of Puritanism itself, Hawthorne’s attitude towards it was also complicated. Acceptance and doubt was co - existence. On one hand, the author admitted puritan thoughts and its values; on the other hand, he criticized the effect of Puritanical ethic morality on human spirits. His masterpiece, The scarlet Letter, shows his acceptance and doubt toward Puritan ethic morality.
ⅠIntroduction
Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter was written in 18th century. The setting of The Scarlet Letter is the 17th century in Boston, America. Before proceeding to the analysis of Hawthorne’s attitude toward Puritanism in the novel, some fundamental definitions need to be established. Who were the Puritans? What is their ideology and lifestyle? What is the author’s family background?
ⅡPuritans
To understand the origins of Puritanism and its position with regard to other Christian religions, let us look at a simple diagram:
We see from this that the Puritans are classified in the larger sense as Christian, in a narrower sense as Protestant, and in a still more specialized sense as Calvinist. They regarded Catholics as their chief opponents.
Ⅲ Puritans’ ideology and lifestyle
Puritan is the name given in the 16th century to the more extreme Protestants within the Church of England. These Protestants thought the English Reformation had not gone far enough in reforming the doctrines and structure of the church. They wanted to purify their church. In the 17th century many Puritans immigrated to the New World, where they sought to found a holy Commonwealth in New England. “The Puritans did not allow religious dissent (holding different religious belief).They insisted that high position, and achievements were signs of ‘eternal grace’, that is, favor of God, and they wanted to force God’s will on the rest of mankind. Puritan tradition also involved a respect for learning which led to the establishment of schools and the spread of literacy.” Puritanism remains the dominant cultural force in that area into the 19th century.
It should be pointed out that Puritans were a group of serious, religious people, advocating highly religious and moral principles. They believe that the church should be restored to complete “purity”, they accepted the doctrine of predestination, original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God. Puritans’ lives were extremely disciplined and hard.
Ⅳ Hawthorne’s family background
Hawthorne was born on July 4, 1804, in Salem, Massachusetts. Salem, his hometown, has ever been the place where Puritanism forces are rampant and several generations of his ancestors are fanatic Puritans. His family was of Puritan belief for generations and had been prominent in the area since colonial times. Therefore, the rich Puritanism thought from his family has deep-rooted effect on Hawthorne. Hawthorne knew Bible very well and went to church frequently.
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