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Harvard referencing guide
HSL-DVC1

A bibliographical reference should contain sufficient information for someone else or yourself to trace the item in a library. It is very important to be consistent and accurate when citing references. The same set of rules should be followed every time you cite a reference. Citations in the text should give the author's name with the year of publication and then all references should be listed in alphabetical order at the end of the paper/dissertation.
Harvard method of citation in the text.
All statements, opinions, conclusions etc. taken from another writer's work should be acknowledged, whether the work is directly quoted, paraphrased or summarised. In the Harvard System cited publications are referred to in one of the forms shown below:
Single author:-
In a study by Seedhouse (1997) coping with illness was investigated ....
In a study (Seedhouse,1997) coping with illness was investigated ....
When an author has published more than one cited document in the same year these are distinguished by adding lower case letters after the year within the brackets.
Burnard (1992a) wrote about communication for health professionals that ....
Two authors :-
In the book by Basford and Slevin (1995) .....
More than two authors:-
Benner et al (1996) conclude that ....
If more than one citation is referred to within a sentence, list them all in the following form, by date and then alphabetically:-
There are indications that passive smoking is potentially threatening to the health.......... ( Francome and Marks, 1996; Bunton, 1995; Lupton, 1995)
Harvard method of quoting in the text
When quoting directly in the text use quotation marks as well as acknowledging the author's name, year of publication and page number of the quote in brackets.
Short quotations eg up to 2 lines can be included in the body of the text:-
Weir (1995) states that "defining roles and their remits is not simple"(p.10).
Longer quotations should be indented in a separate paragraph:-
Thomas and Ingham (1995) in discussing staff development state that:
"Development is infectious, and staff who previously have recoiled from undertaking a degree or conversion course have been encouraged by the success of others"(p.33).
If part of the quotation is omitted then this can be indicated using three dots:-
Weir and Kendrick (1995) state that "networking is no longer solely within the male domain . . ."(p.88).
Secondary referencing 本论文由英语论文网 www.51lunwen.org整理提供
Secondary referencing is when one author is referring to the work of another and the primary source is not available. You should cite the primary source and the source you have read eg (Fiedler and Chemers, 1974, cited in Douglass, 1996). Secondary referencing should be avoided if at all possible.
Harvard method of listing references at the end of the text
References should be listed in alphabetical order by author's name and then by date (earliest first), and then if more than one item has been published during a specific year by letter (1995a, 1995b etc). Whenever possible details should be taken from the title page of a publication and not from the front cover, which may be different. Each reference should include the elements and punctuation given in the examples below. Authors' forenames can b