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The people's, "desperate" looks like a monologue of discontent instead of the novel, in fact discontent is the surface, hidden in the back of the old man is the loneliness and helpless, a deeper level is a consumer society to the contemporary tide of the attitude of life and their criticism of the superficial optimistic questioned.

内容提要: 雅斯民娜的《绝望》看似一部充满牢骚的独白小说,其实牢骚是表面,深藏在其背后的是老人的孤独与无奈,更深一层则是对当代消费社会的顺应潮流者的生活态度的批判以及对他们的肤浅乐观的质疑。

关键词: 独白的功能　暮年的忧郁　消费社会　质疑乐观
The people, Rachel, her firm (Jasmina Reza, 1957-in recent years, rise in the literary field and a few short years have achieved international. She has twice get moliere award, the first time to play "after the funeral of conversations, and the award, the second, with" art "of a drama and the award. Especially the art of a play, many performances, often welcome by the audience. Her work has been many translation, for she is proficient in many languages, often can complain the translator. In 2000 she's play "three kinds of life" in Paris, on female chracter suddenly stopped in rehearsal not stem, director to replace her, as the actor she also very competent. Rachel firm to play with, although also writing short and XiaoXiaoShui the hammer the piano ", the official publication, the novel begins in 1999, in "desperate" (Une Desolation), a novel published well received, countries competing to translation, German translated and published in the first half of 2001.

雅斯民娜•瑞扎( Jasmina Reza ,1957 —　　) 近年崛起于法国文坛,短短几年间已经蜚声国际。她曾两度获得莫里哀奖,第一次以剧本《葬礼之后的谈话》而获奖,第二次则以《艺术》一剧而获奖。特别是《艺术》一剧,多次演出,每每受到观众的欢迎。她的作品已经有不少译文,因她精通多种外语,常能为译者提意见。2000 年她的剧本《三种生活》在巴黎上演,排演中女角突然甩手不干,导演要她接替,作为演员她也颇为称职。瑞扎以剧本起家,虽也写过短文和小小说《锤击钢琴》,正式出版小说则始于1999 年的《绝望》( Une Desolation) ,小说一出版就受到好评,各国争相翻译,德语翻译出版于2001 年上半年。小说采取内心独白的形式,由年过70 的主人公塞穆尔一人独自发言。他在花园里一边弄花莳草,一边在想象中与儿子谈话。独白内容零散,叙事时断时续,时序交叉,前后颠倒。独白里的联想随意跳跃,读者从独白中只能隐约得到一些提示,以这些提示建构起主人公的经历,从中窥探他的内心世界,得知他的不满和愤怒,认识他周遭人物的生活、行为和思想。两代人之间的矛盾、幸福与死亡、乐观与悲观的问题,对存在的思索,还有时政和当代人的日常生活和工作,在独白中东一点西一点呈现出来。老人的思绪有时跑得很远,但是作者的本事正在于削繁就简,不离中心点,无论天马行空的联想跑到哪儿,都会回到主题上,这主题就是老人在想象中对不在场的儿子吼叫的那句话:“我要你给我解释清楚,什么叫幸福快乐?”这句话在小说第一页就出现,后来又提到许多次。
On the surface, novel about a major to real life all cannot bear to see the old man completely plug the Moore complaints. He cynical, and inner restlessness, think life vapid, everything seems to have in the past, the passion for life and fantasy, at the beginning of the indulgence of the flame and has disappeared, derived from the naked from the real life, all of life have been reduced to ashes, only in the memories of the past a little back up in real life. At home he felt in between strangers, because he thought it was a group of self feel very good happy people, and spirit are hand to resist him. From his monologue, we learned that he had idling about wife, along with time of change, but more and more angry and vitality, keen on advertising cosmetics, all the day wipes a wrinkle creams and happy life. She's understanding, think what all good, what people are good, only can't bear all day is the old man's complaints and complain. He said that his wife is a sure everything's terrible positive woman, he and his wife can not communicate, wife can't know that he said, if you can understand, he would not have to the language.

从表面上看,小说主要描写一位对现实生活中的一切完全看不惯的老头子塞穆尔的牢骚。他愤世嫉俗,内心烦躁不安,觉得生活索然无味,似乎一切都已过去,对生活的激情和幻想、当初的放纵和心中的烈焰都已消失,源自赤裸裸的生命、源自真实的生命的一切都已经化为灰烬,只有在回忆中拾回一点往日的真实生活。在家里他觉得处在陌生人之间,因为他认为那是一群自我感觉十分良好的快乐的人,并且沆瀣一气与他作对。从他的独白中,我们得知他原本懒懒散散的妻子, 随着时日的变迁,反本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。