摘要:本文是美国文学研究硕士毕业论文Introduction,研究著名美国小说《壁垒》,以家庭、宗教信仰、伦理为核心价值观的清教徒生活准则,在拜金主义和物质浪潮的冲击中崩溃
美国文学研究硕士毕业论文
The Enlightenment on Family Ethical Relationship of The Bulwark
德莱塞西奥多是美国第十九世纪的著名作家之一,也引起了很大的争议。他在写了八部小说,诗歌,散文,和短篇小说,戏剧,纪录片,以及政治评论,他在美国文学史上享有很大的影响。
上世纪中叶以来,德莱塞的作品逐渐增多,国内和国外的研究,特别是他著名的《嘉莉妹妹》,和《美国悲剧》等等;但也有许多研究者在研究《壁垒》,没有提及他的家庭伦理观。德莱塞的作品反映了美国传统道德的变化;尤其是在堡垒,德莱塞对家庭伦理的观点是这部小说的主题。由于上述原因,本文的研究具有重要意义。
Introduction 简介
Theodore Dreiser, one of the most important writers at the turn of 19th century in America, also attracts much dispute. He has in all written eight novels, enormous short stories, poems, prose, dramas, travelogues as well as political comments and he takes a key stance and enjoys much influence in the annuals of American literature.
In August 27th, 1871, Dreiser was born in Terre Haute, Indiana. His father, once a German textile worker, migrated to the US to escape from military service in 1864 and later he has run textile factory there; and his mother was from a Moravia farming family. This couple had eleven children. After the factory was burned down by fire in 1870, Dreiser’s family had been living in poverty. In Jennie Gerhardt, Dreiser depicts scenes like children picking up coal cinder and Jane’s being taken advantage sexually by others to get his brother out of jail, which were from prototypes of life experiences of Dreiser’s sisters and brothers; one of his sisters was even forced to be a prostitute. Dreiser worked as shop assistant and paperboy in a silk wool store when he was 12 and went to Chicago for living at 17 years old, serving as dishwasher in a small restaurant and then a worker in a blacksmith. Receiving funds from a former teacher in 1888 at the age of 18, Dreiser was able to study in Indianan University and got the access to Darwin, Huxley and Spencer's works. When he returned Chicago a year later, he served as salesman for a property company and a deliveryman in a laundry store. From the age of 23 on, he worked as journalist in the newspaper Chicago Globe, and then in Globe-Democrat and the Republic, both in St Louis and later he became an editor of the magazine Ev’ry Month in New York.
In China, Dreiser’s work was introduced by Qu Qiubai in 1930s. Qu has written
essays to applaud Dreiser as the greatest writer in portraying American life and his genius as “glowing everlastingly like Venus”. Later on, his works came out in China and up till now, translations of his eight novels were all published and two collections of his short stories also came out. His well-known pieces, including An American Tragedy, The Trilogy of Desire and Sister Carrie, are widely appreciated in Chinese literary community. As translating work carries on, Dreiser is gradually seen as one of Chinese readers’ favorite foreign writers. During a century and more since the publication of Sister Carrie in 1900, the name of Dreiser and his masterpieces like Sister Carrie and An American Tragedy were familiar to Chinese readers early in time, yet Chinese scholars’ study on Dreiser and his works began late and even stagnates in a long time.
The Bulwark was a famous novel written by Dreiser, though it was published after the writer passed away. The importance attached to this book was partly due to that this is the last work of a renowned writer and partly because it was edited by the aut
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