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学习是创造知识的过程

库伯认为，“学习的过程是知识通过经验转变而被创造的过程（1984年；38）。反馈和经验在促进学习、改变实践和理论以及改变想法上都发挥了重要作用。不同的学习理论相继被提出，而其中就有成人学习理论。本文将重点放在一个命名为除了讨论库伯贾维斯的体验式学习理论的理论上，还有它的局限性或不足之处以及批判该理论的的优势和劣势。有2种类型的体验式学习，其中一种是基于生活经验之上的体验式学习，另一种是基于学校等机构中参与的知识、技能、思想和经验的发展。此外，动机对于学习过程来说非常重要。因此，除了成人学习者所采用的模式之外，本文还将重点放在对成人学习的动机和障碍的研究上

成人学习者的特点

Learning is the process whereby knowledge is created

Kolb theorized that 'Learning is the process whereby knowledge is created through the transformation of experience' (1984; 38). Feedback and experience have played an important role in fostering learning, changing practices and theories as well as changing ideas respectively. Different theories of learning have been put forward, and among them are the adult learning theories. This paper will focus on one of the theory named Experiential Learning in addition to discuss the Kolb and Jarvis Experiential Learning Theory, their limitations or shortcomings as well as to critique the strengths and weaknesses of the theory. There are two types of experiential learning namely the one based on life experience, and that which is based in institution involvement in development of knowledge, skills, ideas and experience in their application. Moreover, as motivation is very essential to the learning process, therefore this paper will also focus on the motivation to adult learning and the barriers to it, in addition to the patterns of learning adopted by adult learners.

The Characteristics of Adult Learners

Adult learners need more engagement during the learning process because they are self-directed while some of the adult learners have gone through diverse experiences and have a wealth of knowledge, so they need more opportunities for dialogue among students to draw out their knowledge and experience. Hence, Experiential Learning is of the importance to understanding adult learning because of the characteristics of adult learners. The importance of the Kolb David's work and that of his associate Roger Fry, have played a significant role in the establishment of the basis to such arguments. Of interest to Kolb were the processes of making sense of concrete experiences, which also involves utilization of different styles. However, the works of Piaget, Dewey and Lewin played an important role in the formulation of Kolb's ideas. There have been two major elements of experiential learning that have been widely discussed. These include the concept that learning occurs through direct participation of life events (Houle, 1980; 221) and the second concept that type of learning experience sponsored by institutions and involves a chance to a learner to 'acquire and apply knowledge, skills and feelings in an immediate and relevant environment' (Smith, 2001). Learners in the first instance of learning are not sponsored by any institution but themselves. For example, evidence of application of experiential learning has focused on the application of training programs in social work and teaching. Individuals are able to acquire knowledge after going through particular events in life, and then reflecting on the本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。