目前,媒体和少数民族之间的关系已成为一个关键的问题,大量的学者进行了大量的比较研究。此外,媒体一直认为,他们提供了一个整体的少数族裔群体的负面写照。因此,本报告旨在批判性地分析这一论点。本研究首先阐述了少数民族的理论,特别是少数民族。然后,这个种族的媒体形象进行了分析,并重点分析了黑人和伊斯兰组织吗?基于研究证据的新闻类。最后,该报告还指出,作为媒体制造商的记者也提供了少数族裔群体的负面表现。
INTRODUCTION 简介
At present, the relationship between the media and ethnic minorities has become a key issue, and a great number of professors have done lots of relatively research on this topic (Entman and Rojecki, 2000). Moreover, media has been argued that they provide an overall negative portrayal of racial minority group. Therefore, this report aims to critically analyze this argument. This study begins with illustrate the theory of ethnic minorities, especially the racial minority group. Then, the media portrayals of the racial were analyzed, which focused on analyzing the Black people and Islam group??s news categories on the basis of research evidences. Finally, this report also points that the journalists who working as the media makers also provide the negative representations of the racial minority group.
THE CONCEPT OF ENTHNIC MINORITIES 少数民族的概念
Every country or large society contains ethnic minorities. They have their own lifestyle, language, culture and religions, which are distinct from the other communities (Adeno, 2002). Moreover, the social status of the ethnic minority is not only relating to the numerical but also linking to the political power (Cottle, 2000). Specifically, the ethnic minorities have the following features:
They have smaller population than the rest of the population of the state
They positioned as a non-dominant group in the state
They have their own religion, language, culture etc that are different from the national people
Their members have a will to continue to have their specificity
Their members are not only the citizen of the state, but also belong to the minority (Greenberg and Brand, 1994).
Apparently, they are not having a dominant position, and self-determination is the key issue for them (Cottle, 2000). That means ethnic minorities are a small group of people that have their specific personal behaviours in the state.
RACIAL MINORITY GROUP
At present, there is no conclusion or consensus about how to define, understand and analyse ??race?? (Audrey and Brian, 2005). On the basis of the historical research, ??race?? was marked by their physical or phonotypical appearance that was distinct from the social groups (Levi-Strauss, 1996).Furthermore, Malik (2001) thinks race is a physical form that has some common genetic characteristics of the population. That means racial people are different from the national people in skin colours, beliefs and rituals, language they speak and so on. They are a small group existing in the state and different from the other national people.
MEDIA PORTRAYALS OF RACIAL MINORITY GROUP
The media plays a significant role in providing the representation of the racial minority group to the public (Law, 2002). This part mainly focuses on analysing the portrayals of racial minority that are provided by the media.
BLACK AS A PROBLEM AND A THREAT
Historically, the US news coverage of blacks has charactericticsed as the people were ??lazier, less intelligent, less moral and more prone to crime than Whites?? (Stokes and Reading, 1999, p191). Moreover, as the first West Indian immigrants arrived at Empire Win
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