危机管理:大型企业的批判性分析
Crisis management, a critical analysis of large companies
危机是一种不正常的情况,甚至是知觉,它超出了日常事务的范围,而且威胁到组织的运作、安全和声誉。危机管理是指组织管理一个广泛的影响,如媒体关系,并使其开始复苏。危机管理是一个必不可少的组成部分的公共关系专业,在实践中,必须尽可能全面和细致。良好的危机管理的好处可以从字面上挽救生命,节省资金和拯救组织免受破坏。任何一个没有准备好应对危机的组织都会不断冒风险。研究论文主要集中在危机,危机管理的挑战,重要的问题,和战略,以克服这些挑战。
A Crisis is an abnormal situation, or even perception, which is beyond the scope of everyday business and which threatens the operation, safety and reputation of an organisation. Crisis management is the process by which the organisation manages a wider impact, such as media relations, and enables it to commence recovery.Crisis management is an essential component of the
public relations profession and when in practice, must be used as comprehensive and meticulous as possible. The benefits of good crisis management can literally save lives, save money and save an organization from devastation. Any organization that isn't prepared for a crisis will be constantly at risk. The research paper basically focuses on the crisis, challenges of crisis management, important issues, and strategies to overcome such challenges.
Introduction:简介
Crises can strike any company at any time. Cadbury, Reliance, Pepsi and the tobacco industry are some of the most recent companies that can attest to this fact, but they are not the only ones. Crises do not discriminate based on a company's size or notoriety, and they can hit when a company least expects them. They come in many forms - strikes, layoffs, product recalls or allegations of misconduct, but while some of these may seem small, every crisis has the potential to damage the reputation of a company.
Regardless of the severity of the situation, crises pose a serious threat to companies - not only to their reputation but their fiscal health as well. When Odwalla's apple juice was thought to be the cause of an outbreak of E. coli bacteria, the company lost a third of its market value. The same allegation against Jack in the Box restaurant in 1993 caused the hamburger chain's stock price to fall from $14 a share to nearly $3 a share. On the other hand, some companies emerge from crises unscathed in the eyes of consumers and investors. Johnson and Johnson is one such company. After it was discovered that its Tylenol capsules had been laced with cyanide, Johnson and Johnson reacted in such an effective way that the case is now well-documented as an example of successful crisis management.
The factor that determines how a company will withstand a crisis is its ability to respond to the crisis. 'The public forgives accidents, but it doesn't forgive a corporation if its response to the public is inadequate.'Once a crisis occurs, the company is suddenly a target for the media, who are acting on behalf of the public to find out the answers to the important questions about their own safety.
What is Crisis?
Crisis is major, unpredictable event that threatens to harm an operation, staff, customers, reputation or the legal and financial status of an organization.
What is Crisis Management?
Crisis Management is the systematic attempt to avoid organizational crisis, or to manage those crises events that do occur.
Crisis management is the process by which an organization deals with a major unpredictable event that threatens to harm the organization, its stakeholders, or the general public.
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