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对“企业家”的使用，来描述一个人从事一个新的企业，这种说法第一次认同是在1800年著名的法国经济学家让巴普蒂斯特说的“企业家将经济资源从一个低的地区转移到更高生产率和更高收益的地区”的言论之后。(Dees, p. 2, 1998)。尽管已经用了超过2个世纪，“企业家”一词仍然缺乏一个共同的和统一的定义。它被描述为一种精神的框架，把重点放在利用机会而不是集中于最小化的威胁上(Krueger jnr. et al, 2000)。同样的，然而，一些评论家认为长期陷入这样的声誉，它已经成为一个方便的标签，没有什么意义，这可以附加到任何一般的或成功的商业行为中去(Gartner, 1990)。

Gedeon (2010)研究了企业家精神的定义，从不同学派的理论，试图得出一些有意义的结论，并建立一个更统一的定义，什么类型的行为可以成为企业家。他的观点是，企业家是一个多维的概念，包括拥有一家小型企业（风险理论），创新（动态理论），作为一个领导者（特质），或建立一个新的公司（行为学派）（Gedeon，P. 30，2010）。Gedeon也认为，经企业家分成两个不同的子领域，即“商业”和“社会”，有助于对不同企业家的行为的理解。

The use of the term 'entrepreneur', to describe an individual who embarks on a new enterprise, is believed to have first come into common parlance in the year 1800 when the acclaimed French economist, Jean-Baptiste Say, stated: 'The entrepreneur shifts economic resources out of an area of lower and into an area of higher productivity and greater yield.' (Dees, p. 2, 1998). Despite having been in use for over two centuries, the term 'entrepreneurship' suffers from the lack of a common and unifying definition. It has been described as the adoption of a frame of mind that places an emphasis on taking advantage of opportunities rather than focusing on the minimisation of threats (Krueger jnr. et al, 2000). Equally, however, some commentators have suggested that the term has fallen into such disrepute that it has simply become a convenient label, with little meaning, that analysts attach to any general, commercially-successful behaviour (Gartner, 1990).

Gedeon (2010) has studied the lexicon of entrepreneurship definitions and theories from various schools of academic thought in an attempt to draw some meaningful conclusions and establish a more unified definition of what types of behaviour constitute entrepreneurship. His view is that entrepreneurship is 'a multi�dimensional concept that includes owning a small business (Risk Theory), being innovative (Dynamic Theory), acting as a leader (Traits School), or starting up a new company (Behavioural School)' (Gedeon, p. 30, 2010). Gedeon also believes that the division of entrepreneurship into two distinct sub domains, namely 'commercial' and 'social', aides the understanding of different entrepreneurial behaviours.

'Commercial entrepreneurship' has a long history within the business environment and has usually been associated with the deployment of innovation to create value for an enterprise or an individual (Schumpeter, 1951; Drucker, 1985). Whilst the term 'social entrepreneurship' may have only come into common use in the last twenty years or so, the idea of using entrepreneurial skills to solve social problems is not new. Organisations and individuals in the not-for-profit sector, such as international charities, have been demonstrating their entrepreneurship by helping to improve the lives and social welfare of the world's most disadvantaged peoples for many decades (Dees, 1998).

In common with commercial entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurship recognises opportunities and takes action to create solutions to problems, improve existing systems, and invent new ways of doing things. However, social entrepreneurship differs from commercial entrepreneurship inasmuch as it conveys not just a business-like discipline and planned approach to innovation but also it encompasses an enthusiasm for social duty and respons本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。